Time course experiment of withdrawing CsA from wild-type HIV-1 (A) and SIVagm-45/67L (B) infected rhesus macaque (SMAGI) cells. Viruses were spinoculated at 8°C for 20 minutes and transferred to a 37°C incubator to synchronize viral entry. The presence (CsA+) and absence (CsA−) of cyclosporin A (CsA) throughout the experiment was used as controls. For the withdrawal groups, CsA was added to cells when transferring plates to a 37°C incubator, and the time was set as time 0. CsA was then withdrawn at 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours, or 24 hours after time 0. Infected cells were harvested after 48 hours and analyzed by luminameter. The infectivity is presented as RLU (on a log scale).