Table 1.
Characteristics of studies based on fetal RPD identified by routine antenatal screeninga
| Study author and year | Gestational age at fetal RPD measurement | Cohort size | No. (%) assessed for postnatal outcomes
|
No. (%) of children with postnatal outcome/total with outcome measured
|
No. (%) of kidneys with postnatal outcome total with outcome measured
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ultrasound for RPD• Renogram for obstruction •MCUG for VUR | RPD • Early (<6 wk) • End of study | Obstruction | VUR | RPD | Obstruction | VUR | |||
| Grignon et al. 1986 | 20 to 39 wk, mean 29 wk | 60 | 60 (100%) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 17 (28%) | 1 (2%) | Not stated |
| 52 (87%) | Not stated | ||||||||
| 50 (83%) | |||||||||
| Rosendahl 1990 | 18 wk & 34 wk | 26 | 26 (100%) | 21 (81%) | Not stated | Not stated | 18 (75%) | Not stated | Not stated |
| not stated | 21 (81%) | ||||||||
| not stated | |||||||||
| Anderson et al. 1997 | 16 wk, mean 28 wk | 408 | 386 (95%) | 129 (33%) | Not stated | 38 (10%) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated |
| 29 (7%) | 129 (33%) | ||||||||
| 94 (23%) | |||||||||
| Dremsek et al. 1997 | 22 to 30 wk, mean 26 wk | 30 | 30 (100%) | 9 (30%) | 2 (7%) | 1 (3%) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated |
| 2 (7%) | 13.5 mo: | ||||||||
| 7 (23%) | 9 (30%) | ||||||||
| Dudley et al. 1997 | 14 to 18 wk, mean 25 wk | 100 | 100 (100%) | 64 (64%) | 5 (5%) | 28 (28%) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated |
| 18 (18%) | 5.5 yr: | ||||||||
| 48 (48%) | 44 (44%) | ||||||||
| Jaswon et al. 1999c | 20 wk, mean 20 wk | 139 | 106 (76%) | 82 (77%) | 4 (4%) | 9 (8%) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated |
| 63 (45%) | 18 mo: | ||||||||
| 125 (90%) | 60 (5 7%) | ||||||||
| Aviram et al. 2000b | 2nd & 3rd trimester | 56 | 56 (100%) | 39 (70%) | Not stated | 5 (9%) | 69 (78%) | 44 (49%) | Not stated |
| 34 (61%) | 39 (70%) | ||||||||
| 56 (100%) | |||||||||
| Kent et al. 2000b | 16 to 21 wk, mean 18 wk | 40 | 37 (93%) | 25 (68%) | 9 (24%) | 2 (5%) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated |
| 15 (38%) | 6 mo: | ||||||||
| 18 (45%) | 17 (46%) | ||||||||
| Sairam et al. 2001b,c | 18 to 23 wk, mean 20 wk | 268 | 230 (86%) | 32 (14%) | 5 (2%) | 3 (1%) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated |
| not stated | 77 (33%) | ||||||||
| not stated | |||||||||
| Gloor et al. 2002b | 2nd trimester, excluding resolution of RPD in 3rd trimester | 39 | 32 (82%) | 22 (69%) | Not stated | 5 (16%) | 44 (76%) | Not stated | Not stated |
| not stated | 22 (69%) | ||||||||
| 39 (100%) | |||||||||
| Ismaili et al. 2003b | 2nd & 3rd trimester, excluding RPD > 15 mm | 121 | 121 (100%) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 35 (29%) | Not stated | Not stated |
| not stated | Not stated | ||||||||
| 121 (100%) | |||||||||
| Ismaili et al. 2004b | 2nd & 3rd trimester, excluding RPD > 15 mm | 258 | 213 (83%) | 177 (83%) | 27 (13%) | 23 (11%) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated |
| not stated | 144 (68%) | ||||||||
| 258 (100%) | 144 (68%) | ||||||||
a
RPD, renal pelvis dilation; VUR, vesicoureteric reflux; MCUG, micturating cysto-urethrogram.
b
Authors stated that fetuses with anatomical or chromosomal abnormalities were excluded
c
Authors stated that terminations of pregnancy were excluded.