Table 2.

Cox proportional hazards regression analysis for vascular access failure

Parameter	Univariate		Multivariate
	Hazard Ratios (95% CI)	P Value	Hazard Ratios (95% CI)	P Value
ABI (< 0.9 versus ≧ 0.9)	2.682 (1.746-4.118)	<0.001	1.893 (1.034-3.466)	0.039
Age (per 1 yr)	1.018 (1.003-1.033)	0.019	1.003 (0.982-1.023)	0.453
Male versus female	0.852 (0.589-1.250)	0.413	1.027 (0.640-1.649)	0.912
Smoking (ever versus never)	1.128 (0.740-1.718)	0.576	—	—
Diabetes mellitus	2.797 (1.892-4.135)	<0.001	1.543 (0.888-2.679)	0.124
Hypertension	1.458 (0.958-2.218)	0.078	—	—
Coronary artery disease	1.329 (0.916-1.929)	0.134	—	—
Cerebrovascular disease	0.988 (0.515-1.894)	0.988	—	—
Vascular access type
(graft versus fistula)	2.878 (1.883-4.399)	<0.001	2.100 (1.268-3.478)	0.004
Systolic BP (per 1 mmHg)	1.008 (1.001-1.015)	0.034	1.015 (0.999-1.031)	0.063
Diastolic BP (per 1 mmHg)	1.006 (0.995-1.017)	0.302	—	—
Pulse pressure (per 1 mmHg)	1.010 (1.001-1.019)	0.030	0.980 (0.954-1.008)	0.156
Heart rate (per 1 beat/min)	1.003 (0.990-1.017)	0.627	—	—
Body mass index (per 1 kg/m2)	1.058 (1.000-1.119)	0.049	0.998 (0.936-1.064)	0.951
Laboratory parameters
Albumin (per 1 g/dl)	0.596 (0.315-1.126)	0.111	—	—
Triglyceride (per 1 mg/dl)	1.002 (1.000-1.003)	0.020	1.002 (1.000-1.004)	0.043
Cholesterol (per 1 mg/dl)	1.004 (0.999-1.009)	0.094	—	—
HDL-cholesterol (per 1 mg/dl)	0.991 (0.978-1.005)	0.219	—	—
LDL-cholesterol (per 1 mg/dl)	1.006 (0.999-1.013)	0.105	—	—
Creatinine (per 1 mg/dl)	0.897 (0.825-0.974)	0.010	0.939 (0.826-1.067)	0.335
Hematocrit (per 1%)	0.995 (0.942-1.052)	0.872	—	—
Calcium (per 1 mg/dl)	0.974 (0.776-1.221)	0.817	—	—
Phosphate (per 1 mg/dl)	0.953 (0.813-1.116)	0.550	—	—
Uric acid (per 1 mg/dl)	1.009 (0.890-1.144)	0.886	—	—
PTH (per 1 pg/ml)	0.999 (0.999-1.000)	0.002	0.999 (0.999-1.000)	0.043
hsCRP (per 1 mg/L)	1.085 (0.935-1.259)	0.281	—	—
Kt/V (per 1.0)	0.715 (0.331-1.546)	0.394	—	—

Values expressed as hazard ratios and 95% confidence interval (CI). Abbreviations are the same as Table 1.