Table 1.
Effects of Varenicline vs. Placebo on Changes in Subjective Outcomes from Day 10 (Smoking as Usual) to the Average of Days 11–13 (Abstinence).
Measure | Change from Day 10 to Average of Days 11–13 | Drug effecta | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Varenicline | Placebo | F | p | |||
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |||
Positive affect | −2.08 | 5.94 | −3.74 | 6.60 | 4.20 | .046 |
Negative affect | −0.57 | 4.33 | 0.68 | 5.16 | 6.62 | .013 |
Smoking urges | 0.94 | 13.37 | 6.54 | 13.04 | 14.53 | < .001 |
Withdrawal symptoms | −0.54 | 5.98 | 1.50 | 6.46 | 4.37 | .041 |
Medication effect in mixed effects model. Dependent variable is average scores from days 11–13. Models controlled for treatment order, sex, cigarettes per day at baseline, and day 10 (smoking as usual) scores.