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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jan 15.
Published in final edited form as: Biol Psychiatry. 2008 Oct 8;65(2):144–149. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.08.028

Table 1.

Effects of Varenicline vs. Placebo on Changes in Subjective Outcomes from Day 10 (Smoking as Usual) to the Average of Days 11–13 (Abstinence).

Measure Change from Day 10 to Average of Days 11–13 Drug effecta
Varenicline Placebo F p
Mean SD Mean SD
Positive affect −2.08 5.94 −3.74 6.60 4.20 .046
Negative affect −0.57 4.33 0.68 5.16 6.62 .013
Smoking urges 0.94 13.37 6.54 13.04 14.53 < .001
Withdrawal symptoms −0.54 5.98 1.50 6.46 4.37 .041
a

Medication effect in mixed effects model. Dependent variable is average scores from days 11–13. Models controlled for treatment order, sex, cigarettes per day at baseline, and day 10 (smoking as usual) scores.