Table 2.

Regional estimates of the proportion of injections administered with reused equipment and data sources used, by region, 2000

	African regions		American regions		Eastern Mediterranean region	European regions		South East Asia regions		Western Pacific region
	D	E	B	D	D	B	C	B	D	B
Proportion of reuse (%)	19	17	N/A*	N/A*	70	1.2	11	30	75	30
Lower and upper estimates (%)	15-23	13-21	N/A*	N/A*	58-82	0-4	3-19	23-37	60-88	0-63
Methods used	Standard WHO survey	Standard WHO survey	—	—	Combination of methods	Standard WHO survey	Back calculation	Non-standard surveys	Non-standard surveys	Non-standard surveys
Countries from which WHO standardised injection safety surveys were used	Five countries in the region†‡	Five countries in the region†‡	—	—	—	Kyrgyzstan‡	—	—	—	—
Countries from which non standardised injection safety surveys were used	—	—	—	—	Pakistan24	—	—	Indonesiaw15	India25	Chinaw16
Countries from which back calculated injection safety estimates were used	—	—	—	—	Egyptw17	—	Moldova4	—	—	—

^*Not available.

^†Unpublished WHO reports. List of actual countries not available to the general public.

^‡Julia Fitzner, Department of Vaccine and Biologicals, WHO, personal communication, 2002.