Comparison of inactivation of Clostridium botulinum FRRB 2803 in 30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce (A), 50% (wt/wt) cream sauce (B), and rice water agar (C) by heat-only and HPT processing. ▪, heat-only inactivation at 105°C. (A) ▵, 600 MPa, 102°C, 90 s; ⋄, 600 MPa, 104°C, 90 s; ×, 600 MPa, 106°C, 60 s; □, 600 MPa, 106°C, 90 s. (B) ▵, 600 MPa, 102°C, 180 s; ⋄, 600 MPa, 104°C, 180 s; ×, 600 MPa, 106°C, 90 s; □, 600 MPa, 106°C, 180 s. (C) ▵, 600 MPa, 102°C, 240 s; ⋄, 600 MPa, 104°C, 240 s; ×, 600 MPa, 106°C, 180 s; □, 600 MPa, 106°C, 300 s. Heat-only inactivation data are means of two replicates, and error bars are standard deviations. HPT inactivation data are independent samples, and error bars are 95% confidence intervals for the MPN.