TABLE 1.
Strain | Model product | Pressure vessel preequilibration temp (°C)b | Hold time at 600 MPa (min) | Initial sample temp (°C)c | Maximum sample temp under pressure (°C)d | Minimum sample temp under hold pressure (°C)e | Sample temp at end of pressure hold time (°C)f | Sample temp when vial removed from pressure vessel (°C)g |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FRRB 2802 | MPA3679 agar | 110 | 180 | 103.1 ± 0.7 | 117.9 ± 0.3 | 105.9 ± 2.4 | 107.5 ± 0.1 | 106.2 ± 0.2 |
30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 102 | 240 | 54.7 ± 6.6 | 107.9 ± 1.5 | 98.2 ± 0.4 | 99.0 ± 0.4 | 93.2 ± 0.1 | |
30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 104 | 240 | 56.1 ± 2.1 | 110.9 ± 0.5 | 100.7 ± 0.1 | 101.7 ± 0.4 | 96.3 ± 0.1 | |
30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 106 | 180 | 58.3 ± 1.5 | 113.6 ± 0.1 | 103.2 ± 0.1 | 103.6 ± 0.4 | 97.8 ± 0.4 | |
30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 106 | 240 | 51.1 ± 0.2 | 109.9 ± 2.3 | 102.8 ± 0.1 | 103.8 ± 0.3 | 97.9 ± 0.3 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 102 | 300 | 54.5 ± 1.6 | 108.9 ± 0.4 | 98.8 ± 0.1 | 99.9 ± 0.2 | 94.3 ± 0.3 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 104 | 300 | 54.1 ± 0.6 | 111.4 ± 0.3 | 101.0 ± 0.1 | 102.2 ± 0.0 | 96.5 ± 0.1 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 106 | 240 | 59.1 ± 1.1 | 114.3 ± 0.3 | 103.2 ± 0.1 | 104.0 ± 0.4 | 98.0 ± 0.9 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 106 | 300 | 58.4 ± 1.6 | 114.3 ± 0.6 | 103.3 ± 0.1 | 104.2 ± 0.0 | 97.7 ± 0.1 | |
Rice water agar | 102 | 300 | 55.1 ± 1.1 | 108.1 ± 0.3 | 97.6 ± 0.3 | 99.0 ± 0.2 | 93.6 ± 1.6 | |
Rice water agar | 104 | 300 | 57.1 ± 1.7 | 110.8 ± 0.0 | 100.0 ± 0.5 | 101.6 ± 0.1 | 96.5 ± 0.8 | |
Rice water agar | 106 | 240 | 59.0 ± 1.1 | 113.8 ± 0.8 | 103.1 ± 0.0 | 104.2 ± 0.1 | 99.1 ± 0.8 | |
Rice water agar | 106 | 300 | 59.0 ± 0.2 | 113.7 ± 0.5 | 99.3 ± 5.2 | 104.2 ± 0.1 | 99.9 ± 0.5 | |
FRRB 2803 | 30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 102 | 90 | 60.2 ± 1.6 | 109.1 ± 0.7 | 98.3 ± 0.4 | 98.3 ± 0.4 | 93.5 ± 1.3 |
30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 104 | 90 | 59.1 ± 3.3 | 111.5 ± 0.8 | 100.8 ± 0.1 | 100.9 ± 0.1 | 95.6 ± 0.3 | |
30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 106 | 60 | 58.7 ± 3.0 | 113.8 ± 0.5 | 103.5 ± 0.1 | 103.5 ± 0.0 | 97.8 ± 0.5 | |
30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 106 | 90 | 60.0 ± 1.7 | 114.1 ± 0.4 | 103.0 ± 0.0 | 103.1 ± 0.1 | 98.6 ± 0.1 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 102 | 180 | 79.0 ± 8.2 | 111.8 ± 2.3 | 98.0 ± 0.4 | 98.6 ± 0.4 | 95.3 ± 0.1 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 104 | 180 | 80.9 ± 1.2 | 114.1 ± 0.2 | 100.6 ± 0.1 | 101.1 ± 0.0 | 97.2 ± 0.4 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 106 | 90 | 60.5 ± 2.3 | 114.5 ± 0.4 | 102.9 ± 0.2 | 102.9 ± 0.2 | 98.0 ± 0.8 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 106 | 180 | 61.2 ± 1.3 | 114.9 ± 0.6 | 103.2 ± 0.0 | 103.8 ± 0.1 | 98.5 ± 0.1 | |
Rice water agar | 102 | 240 | 57.0 ± 0.5 | 110.0 ± 0.1 | 98.7 ± 0.2 | 99.6 ± 0.0 | 97.7 ± 0.6 | |
Rice water agar | 104 | 240 | 56.5 ± 1.1 | 111.9 ± 0.5 | 100.8 ± 0.0 | 101.7 ± 0.0 | 99.9 ± 0.1 | |
Rice water agar | 106 | 180 | 59.9 ± 0.1 | 114.2 ± 0.4 | 103.0 ± 0.0 | 103.6 ± 0.1 | 101.5 ± 0.3 | |
Rice water agar | 106 | 300 | 60.2 ± 5.5 | 114.3 ± 0.6 | 102.9 ± 0.1 | 104.0 ± 0.0 | 101.2 ± 0.4 | |
FRRB 2804 | 30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 102 | 180 | 55.9 ± 0.8 | 108.8 ± 0.0 | 98.7 ± 0.3 | 99.4 ± 0.1 | 93.9 ± 0.4 |
30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 104 | 180 | 56.5 ± 1.5 | 110.9 ± 0.3 | 101.0 ± 0.2 | 101.7 ± 0.1 | 95.9 ± 0.1 | |
30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 106 | 90 | 64.0 ± 0.8 | 113.3 ± 0.1 | 102.6 ± 0.4 | 102.7 ± 0.5 | 96.9 ± 0.7 | |
30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 106 | 150 | 58.7 ± 1.6 | 113.3 ± 1.0 | 103.1 ± 0.4 | 103.3 ± 0.2 | 97.9 ± 0.4 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 102 | 300 | 52.1 ± 1.9 | 108.1 ± 0.4 | 98.3 ± 0.4 | 99.7 ± 0.3 | 94.7 ± 0.0 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 104 | 300 | 55.6 ± 3.3 | 111.0 ± 1.1 | 100.7 ± 0.2 | 101.8 ± 0.1 | 96.2 ± 0.1 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 106 | 120 | 57.6 ± 3.2 | 113.7 ± 1.8 | 102.8 ± 0.3 | 103.0 ± 0.1 | 96.8 ± 0.1 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 106 | 180 | 56.8 ± 0.0 | 113.6 ± 0.0 | 102.9 ± 0.0 | 103.4 ± 0.0 | 97.4 ± 0.0 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 106 | 240 | 56.4 ± 3.0 | 113.0 ± 0.0 | 102.6 ± 0.0 | 103.6 ± 0.1 | 98.5 ± 0.1 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 106 | 300 | 58.7 ± 4.0 | 113.5 ± 0.5 | 102.6 ± 0.1 | 104 ± 0.1 | 98.7 ± 0.6 | |
Rice water agar | 102 | 240 | 56.5 ± 2.3 | 109 ± 0.6 | 98.2 ± 0.1 | 99.1 ± 0.3 | 96.0 ± 0.0 | |
Rice water agar | 104 | 240 | 56.4 ± 1.4 | 110.6 ± 0.6 | 100.6 ± 0.4 | 101.6 ± 0.1 | 97.4 ± 0.1 | |
Rice water agar | 106 | 120 | 55.0 ± 5.2 | 112.2 ± 1.7 | 102.1 ± 0.1 | 102.3 ± 0.1 | 99.4 ± 0.5 | |
Rice water agar | 106 | 180 | 56.7 ± 1.1 | 113.2 ± 0.1 | 102.7 ± 0.0 | 103.3 ± 0.1 | 100.1 ± 0.1 | |
Rice water agar | 106 | 240 | 58.4 ± 3.3 | 113.7 ± 1.0 | 102.9 ± 0.2 | 103.9 ± 0.1 | 100.7 ± 1.0 | |
Rice water agar | 106 | 300 | 57.9 ± 1.2 | 113.8 ± 1.1 | 103.0 ± 0.1 | 104.2 ± 0.0 | 99.8 ± 0.4 | |
FRRB 2807 | 30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 102 | 60 | 54.0 ± 3.2 | 108.1 ± 0.3 | 99.0 ± 0.1 | 99.0 ± 0.1 | 92.9 ± 1.6 |
30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 104 | 60 | 56.9 ± 0.1 | 110.8 ± 0.4 | 101.1 ± 0.3 | 101.1 ± 0.3 | 95.2 ± 0.3 | |
30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 106 | 30 | 56.9 ± 0.8 | 113.3 ± 0.4 | 105.6 ± 0.6 | 105.6 ± 0.6 | 96.9 ± 0.3 | |
30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 106 | 60 | 62.9 ± 6.1 | 114.4 ± 1.4 | 103.5 ± 0.3 | 103.5 ± 0.3 | 97.3 ± 0.6 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 102 | 120 | 52.9 ± 0.4 | 109.0 ± 1.0 | 98.2 ± 0.5 | 98.3 ± 0.4 | 92.9 ± 0.4 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 104 | 120 | 57.5 ± 0.4 | 111.7 ± 0.2 | 100.5 ± 0.1 | 100.8 ± 0.1 | 95.3 ± 0.7 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 106 | 60 | 56.4 ± 0.9 | 113.9 ± 0.6 | 103.3 ± 0.2 | 103.3 ± 0.2 | 97.0 ± 0.7 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 106 | 120 | 56.0 ± 1.2 | 113.5 ± 0.3 | 102.9 ± 0.1 | 103.0 ± 0.0 | 97.0 ± 0.0 | |
Rice water agar | 102 | 120 | 59.5 ± 5.3 | 109.7 ± 0.5 | 97.9 ± 0.3 | 97.9 ± 0.3 | 96.0 ± 0.5 | |
Rice water agar | 104 | 120 | 57.2 ± 0.3 | 111.3 ± 0.6 | 100.2 ± 0.1 | 100.3 ± 0.3 | 98.8 ± 0.7 | |
Rice water agar | 106 | 60 | 59.2 ± 2.8 | 114.1 ± 0.6 | 103.0 ± 0.1 | 103.0 ± 0.1 | 100.6 ± 0.4 | |
Rice water agar | 106 | 120 | 57.9 ± 1.0 | 113.9 ± 0.1 | 102.7 ± 0.1 | 102.9 ± 0.0 | 100.4 ± 0.7 | |
FRRB 2806 | 30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 102 | 240 | 53.6 ± 0.3 | 108.6 ± 0.6 | 98.6 ± 0.3 | 99.4 ± 0.3 | 94.4 ± 0.8 |
104 | 240 | 56.0 ± 0.4 | 110.8 ± 0.3 | 100.7 ± 0.1 | 101.7 ± 0.1 | 96.7 ± 0.1 | ||
106 | 120 | 57.5 ± 0.4 | 113.3 ± 0.4 | 103.2 ± 0.0 | 103.2 ± 0.0 | 97.7 ± 0.5 | ||
106 | 240h | 63.9 | 114.1 | 102.7 | 103.8 | 197.9 | ||
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 102 | 180 | 53.1 ± 1.8 | 108.7 ± 0.1 | 98.6 ± 0.0 | 99.1 ± 0.1 | 93.9 ± 0.1 | |
104 | 180 | 53.9 ± 0.2 | 111.6 ± 0.5 | 100.9 ± 0.1 | 101.4 ± 0.0 | 96.5 ± 0.9 | ||
106 | 60 | 56.4 ± 3.0 | 113.7 ± 0.6 | 103.3 ± 0.0 | 103.3 ± 0.0 | 97.7 ± 0.1 | ||
106 | 120 | 58.9 ± 0.1 | 113.8 ± 0.7 | 102.8 ± 0.0 | 103.1 ± 0.0 | 98.0 ± 0.1 | ||
Rice water agar | 102 | 180 | 76.5 ± 3.0 | 107.8 ± 0.0 | 97.5 ± 0.1 | 97.9 ± 0.4 | 94.9 ± 0.4 | |
104 | 180 | 55.5 ± 0.6 | 110.3 ± 0.7 | 100.1 ± 0.3 | 100.7 ± 0.1 | 97.2 ± 0.1 | ||
106 | 60 | 56.7 ± 0.9 | 112.7 ± 0.0 | 103.0 ± 0.0 | 103.0 ± 0.0 | 98.7 ± 0.4 | ||
106 | 120 | 57.6 ± 0.1 | 112.6 ± 0.3 | 102.1 ± 0.1 | 102.3 ± 0.1 | 98.2 ± 0.1 | ||
FRRB 2790 | 30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 102 | 60 | 59.2 ± 7.0 | 108.6 ± 1.1 | 98.8 ± 0.1 | 98.8 ± 0.1 | 94.1 ± 0.6 |
30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 104 | 60 | 58.6 ± 0.7 | 111.2 ± 0.1 | 101.1 ± 0.1 | 101.3 ± 0.2 | 97.0 ± 0.7 | |
30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 106 | 30h | 59.8 | 112.7 | 105.6 | 105.6 | 97.9 | |
30% (wt/wt) Bolognese sauce | 106 | 60 | 65.9 ± 8.4 | 114.0 ± 1.6 | 103.5 ± 0.0 | 103.5 ± 0.0 | 97.9 ± 0.3 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 102 | 120 | 78.3 ± 8.5 | 110.1 ± 2.5 | 98.7 ± 0.4 | 99.0 ± 0.3 | 95.0 ± 0.3 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 104 | 120 | 56.9 ± 2.3 | 111.0 ± 1.2 | 100.8 ± 0.1 | 100.9 ± 0.1 | 96.6 ± 0.1 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 106 | 60 | 66.1 ± 3.0 | 114.9 ± 0.6 | 103.4 ± 0.2 | 103.4 ± 0.3 | 97.9 ± 1.4 | |
50% (wt/wt) cream sauce | 106 | 120 | 58.3 ± 2.3 | 113.7 ± 0.4 | 102.9 ± 0.0 | 103.0 ± 0.1 | 99.3 ± 0.6 | |
Rice water agar | 102 | 120 | 61.2 ± 3.2 | 108.6 ± 1.6 | 97.9 ± 0.5 | 90.3 ± 10.3 | 95.6 ± 0.9 | |
Rice water agar | 104 | 120 | 64.4 ± 1.5 | 112.2 ± 0.3 | 100.9 ± 0.1 | 100.9 ± 0.0 | 98.4 ± 0.4 | |
Rice water agar | 106 | 60 | 59.3 ± 0.7 | 113.5 ± 0.0 | 103.1 ± 0.1 | 103.1 ± 0.1 | 99.7 ± 0.6 | |
Rice water agar | 106 | 120 | 65.0 ± 0.3 | 114.1 ± 0.1 | 103.0 ± 0.1 | 103.2 ± 0.1 | 99.9 ± 0.0 |
Values presented are averages for six replicates ± standard deviations for MPA3679 agar and averages for two replicates ± standard deviations for model products. Sample temperatures were measured at the center of the container.
Equilibration temperature of pressure vessels prior to pressurization cycle.
Temperature of sample at the start of the pressurization cycle.
Maximum temperature of sample attained at the end of the compression phase, when the pressure reached 600 MPa.
Minimum sample temperature during pressure hold time.
Temperature of sample at the end of the pressure hold time.
Temperature of sample when sample vial was removed from the pressure vessel at the end of treatment.
One replicate only for this treatment.