Growth, substrate consumption, and product accumulation during a representative shake flask batch cultivation of C. glutamicum DM1729 (A) and C. glutamicum DM1729 ΔilvB (B) on CGXII medium containing glucose (4%) and l-valine, l-isoleucine, and l-leucine (2 mM each). ⋄, growth; ▪, glucose; ×, l-lysine. Three independent fermentations were performed, all three showing comparable results.