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Analysis of mutation rates. B. subtilis strains YB955, PERM597 (ytkD mutT), and PERM573 (ytkD mutM yfhQ) (ΔGO) were tested for their ability to produce His+, Met+, and Leu+ revertants during exponential growth as described in Materials and Methods. The mutation rates were calculated with the formula m/2Nt as previously described (22, 27, 41). Results show the average mutation rates from two individual fluctuation tests; error bars represent one standard error.
