Relative fitness of populations from evolved UVR lineages of P. cichorii 302959 after 500 generations. Fitness values were measured in competition with the ancestor marked with pMRW2 under non-UVR (open bars) and UVR (shaded bars) conditions. Relative fitness values are means and error bars represent 95% confidence intervals. Values are significant (two-tailed independent t-test, μ = 1, d.f. = 5, α = 0.05) where indicated (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001). P-paired values are from two-tailed paired t-tests (d.f. = 5, α = 0.05) between non-UVR and UVR relative fitness values for each population.