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Dietary energy restriction improves performance of female, but not male, rats in a 14-unit T-maze cognitive test. Acquisition errors (panel A), acquisition times (panel B), retention errors (panel C), and retention times (panel D) of male and female rats that had been maintained for 5 months on the indicated diets. Values are the mean ± sem (n = 8–15 rats/group). C, Control. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01.
