Table 5.
Relationship between standard cardiovascular risk factors, CIMT, and carotid lesions
| Adjusted mean difference in CIMT | Adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) for carotid lesions | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Women |
Men |
Women |
Men |
||||||||
| ΔCIMT | 95% CI | P-value | ΔCIMT | 95% CI | P-value | PR | 95% CI | P-value | PR | 95% CI | P-value | |
| Age, years | ||||||||||||
| <35 | −73 | (−86, −59) | <0.01 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.23 | (0.10, 0.54) | <0.01 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| 35−39 | −40 | (−53, −26) | <0.01 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.63 | (0.33, 1.20) | 0.16 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| 40−44 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||||
| 45−49 | 29 | (15, 44) | <0.01 | 24 | (−1, 49) | 0.06 | 1.85 | (1.15, 2.99) | 0.01 | 1.38 | (0.86, 2.21) | 0.18 |
| 50−54 | 45 | (27, 62) | <0.01 | 60 | (32, 87) | <0.01 | 1.97 | (1.16, 3.33) | 0.01 | 2.13 | (1.34, 3.41) | <0.01 |
| ≥55 | 105 | (83, 128) | <0.01 | 91 | (64, 118) | <0.01 | 3.22 | (1.82, 5.68) | <0.01 | 3.54 | (2.26, 5.54) | <0.01 |
| Race/Ethnicity (vs. African-American) | ||||||||||||
| Hispanic | −29 | (−40, −18) | <0.01 | −28 | (−65, 10) | 0.15 | 0.87 | (0.56, 1.33) | 0.52 | 0.73 | (0.35, 1.53) | 0.40 |
| Caucasian | −17 | (−32, −3) | 0.02 | −54 | (−78, −29) | <0.01 | 1.51 | (0.97, 2.36) | 0.07 | 1.19 | (0.83, 1.71) | 0.35 |
| Current smoker | 23 | (13, 32) | <0.01 | −21 | (−43, 1) | 0.06 | 1.51 | (1.05, 2.18) | 0.03 | 1.59 | (1.18, 2.15) | <0.01 |
| Alcohol use (vs. none) | ||||||||||||
| 1−2 drinks/week | −5 | (−15, 5) | 0.35 | 23 | (−2, 48) | 0.08 | 0.99 | (0.69, 1.43) | 0.97 | 1.12 | (0.77, 1.64) | 0.55 |
| >2 drinks/week | −6 | (−21, 8) | 0.40 | 24 | (−5, 54) | 0.10 | 0.94 | (0.57, 1.55) | 0.81 | 1.12 | (0.73, 1.71) | 0.61 |
| Diabetes | 22 | (8, 37) | <0.01 | 1 | (−22, 25) | 0.90 | 1.40 | (0.93, 2.11) | 0.11 | 0.90 | (0.64, 1.26) | 0.54 |
| Used lipid-lowering medication | 4 | (−17, 25) | 0.71 | 22 | (−3, 48) | 0.10 | 0.60 | (0.30, 1.21) | 0.15 | 1.37 | (1.02, 1.83) | 0.04 |
| BMI (per 5 kg/m2) | 4 | (1, 8) | 0.01 | 27 | (16, 38) | <0.01 | 0.81 | (0.70, 0.93) | <0.01 | 0.98 | (0.85, 1.14) | 0.83 |
| SBP (per 10 mm Hg) | 11 | (8, 14) | <0.01 | 10 | (3, 17) | 0.01 | 1.10 | (1.02, 1.18) | 0.02 | 1.06 | (0.97, 1.17) | 0.20 |
| LDL-C (per 20 mg/dL) | 3 | (1, 6) | 0.02 | 6 | (1, 11) | 0.03 | 1.09 | (1.00, 1.19) | 0.05 | 1.07 | (1.00, 1.15) | 0.04 |
| HDL-C (per 5 mg/dL) | 0 | (−2, 1) | 0.55 | −5 | (−8, −1) | 0.01 | 0.97 | (0.92, 1.01) | 0.17 | 0.98 | (0.93, 1.03) | 0.40 |
All models adjusted for HIV infection, education, income level, gamily history of myocardial infarction, opiate use, injection drug use, and study site in addition to all factors shown.