TABLE 1.
Clinical and laboratory parameters of HIV-infected patients with visceral leishmaniasis
| Patient | At time of diagnosis
|
After treatment
|
At time of clinical relapse
|
||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sexa | Age (yr) | Risk factorb | No. of CD4+ cells/μlc | HIV RNA loadd (log copies/ml) | HAARTe | Anti-Leishmania ABf (titer) | Leishmania DNA (parasites/ml) | HAARTe | Leishmania DNA (parasites/ml)g | Leishmania prophylaxis (mo)h | No. of CD4+ cells/μl | HIV RNA loadd (log copies/ml) | HAARTe | Leishmania DNA (parasites/ml)i | |
| 1 | M | 30 | IDU | 8 | 4.38 | EFV, SQV, RTV | 1:640 | 110 | No | 7 (24) | ND | 4 | 5.17 | No | 477 (46) |
| 2 | M | 37 | IDU | 99 | 2.57 | AZT, 3TC, SQV | 1:40 | 362 | D4T, SQV, LPV-r | 2 (38) | ND | 79 | 3.32 | D4T, SQV, LPV-r | 102 (45) |
| 3 | F | 34 | IDU | 6 | 4.91 | No | 1:40 | 112 | No | 1 (38) | ND | 4 | 5.58 | No | 253 (298) |
| 4 | M | 42 | IDU | 43 | 5.77 | No | 1:640 | 41,000 | No | 2,677 (10) | ND | NA | NA | No | NA |
| 5 | M | 37 | IDU | 14 | 5.74 | No | 1:640 | 17,050 | D4T, 3TC, LPV-r | 6 (38) | ND | 20 | 2.30 | D4T, 3TC, LPV-r | 2,146 (110) |
| 6 | M | 38 | IDU | NA | NA | D4T, 3TC, EFV | NA | 3,210 | AZT, 3TV, LPV-r | 1 (17) | 10 | 162 | NA | AZT, 3TV, LPV-r | 1,466 (300) |
| 7 | F | 34 | Hetero | 106 | 3.11 | 3TC, EFV, RTV, IDV | 1:40 | 1,070 | 3TC, EFV, RTV, IDV | 3 (38) | 2 | 139 | 3.96 | 3TC, EFV, RTV, IDV | 364 (70) |
| 8 | M | 42 | IDU | 5 | 5.13 | No | 1:640 | 4,320 | AZT, 3TC, NFV | 5 (59) | 8 | 62 | <1.90 | AZT, 3TC, NFV | 259 (268) |
| 9 | M | 34 | Hetero | 246 | 4.55 | No | 1:80 | 819 | AZT, 3TC, NFV | 7 (66) | 1 | 239 | 4.17 | AZT, 3TC, NFV | No relapse |
| 10 | M | 42 | Homo | 42 | 6.11 | No | 1:5,120 | 2,150 | 3TC, RTV | <0.63 (66) | 3 | 755j | <1.90 | AZT, 3TC, IDV, RTV | No relapse |
a
M, Male; F, female.
b
IDU, intravenous drug user; Hetero, heterosexual; Homo, homosexual.
c
NA, not available.
d
Measured by a nucleic acid sequence-based amplification system (NASBA; BioMérieux, Marcy L'Etoile, France).
e
AZT, zidovudine; 3TC, lamivudine; D4T, stavudine; EFV, efavirenz; SQV, squinavir; RTV, ritonavir; IDV, indinavir; NFV, nelfinavir; LPV-r, lopinavir-ritonavir.
f
AB, antibodies. Anti-Leishmania antibodies were measured by immunofluorescence (Leishmania Spot IF; BioMérieux).
g
The last day of treatment is given in parentheses.
h
ND, not done.
i
The number of days from the end of treatment is given in parentheses.
j
One year after treatment withdrawal.