Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics at Year 5 by Hypertensive Status at Year 11
Total (n=1,419) | Normotensive at Year 11 (n=912) | Hypertensive at Year 11 (n=507) | P value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 73.5 ± 4.39 | 73.53 ± 4.47 | 73.46 ± 4.26 | 0.77 |
Gender (Male) | 579 (40.8) | 399 (43.8) | 180 (35.5) | < 0.01 |
Race (AA) | 150 (10.6) | 99 (10.9) | 51 (10.1) | 0.71 |
DFA | 281 (20.1) | 171 (19) | 110 (22) | 0.21 |
SCD | 813 (58.4) | 513 (57.3) | 300 (60.2) | 0.32 |
EMA | 421 (30.4) | 262 (29.4) | 159 (32.3) | 0.3 |
DFA & SCD | 235 (16.7) | 143 (15.9) | 92 (18.4) | 0.26 |
DFA & EMA | 168 (12) | 101 (11.2) | 67 (13.3) | 0.27 |
DFA & EMA – SCD | 158 (11.2) | 95 (10.5) | 63 (12.6) | 0.28 |
Education (≥ 12 yrs) | 1110 (78.4) | 737 (81.1) | 373 (73.7) | < 0.01 |
Income (≥ $25,000) | 629 (47.7) | 422 (49.9) | 207 (43.7) | 0.03 |
Estrogen use (women) | 140 (9.9) | 74 (8.1) | 66 (13) | < 0.01 |
CESD (Depressed) | 1213 (85.6) | 792 (86.9) | 421 (83.2) | 0.07 |
CHD | 224 (15.8) | 140 (15.4) | 84 (16.6) | 0.6 |
BMI | 26.26 ± 4.09 | 26.06 ± 3.93 | 26.62 ± 4.35 | 0.02 |
FEV1 | 2.13 ± 0.7 | 2.18 ± 0.69 | 2.06 ± 0.73 | < 0.01 |
Smoking status | 0.58 | |||
Never | 626 (45.2) | 395 (44.2) | 231 (47) | |
Former | 608 (43.9) | 401 (44.9) | 207 (42.1) | |
Current | 152 (11) | 98 (11) | 54 (11) | |
Glucose status | 0.03 | |||
Normal | 1144 (83.2) | 746 (84.8) | 398 (80.4) | |
IFG | 104 (7.6) | 66 (7.5) | 38 (7.7) | |
Diabetes | 127 (9.2) | 68 (7.7) | 59 (11.9) | |
Alcohol use | 0.07 | |||
None | 572 (40.6) | 346 (38.3) | 226 (44.8) | |
Previous | 105 (7.5) | 65 (7.2) | 40 (7.9) | |
< 1 drink | 280 (19.9) | 197 (21.8) | 83 (16.5) | |
1 to 6 drinks | 254 (18) | 165 (18.3) | 89 (17.7) | |
≥ 7 drinks | 197 (14) | 131 (14.5) | 66 (13.1) |
Numbers are means ± standard deviations or counts (percentages within columns). P-values are from t-tests or Chi-squared tests used as appropriate, comparing those who were hypertensive at year 11 to those who were normotensive at year 11.
EMA=early morning awakening; DFA=difficulty falling asleep; SCD=sleep continuity disturbance; IFG=impaired fasting glucose; BMI=body mass index; FEV1=forced expired volume in one second; CHD=coronary heart disease; AA=African American