Table 1.
Characteristics of the Subjects at Baseline
| Control group (n = 108) | CPAP treated group (n = 97) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 63.5 ± 10.0 | 62.2 ± 9.3 | 0.25 |
| Sex (M : F) | 102 : 6 | 94 : 3 | 0.39 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 29.2 ± 5.6 | 29.4 ± 5.2 | 0.73 |
| Cause of dilated cardiomyopathy, no (%) | |||
| Ischemic | 73 (68) | 62 (64) | 0.79 |
| Idiopathic | 31 (29) | 32 (33) | 0.79 |
| Hypertensive | 4 (4) | 3 (3) | 0.79 |
| NYHA class, no (%) | |||
| II | 78 (72) | 66 (68) | 0.51 |
| III-IV | 30 (28) | 31 (32) | 0.51 |
| LVEF, % | 24.1 ± 7.6 | 24.7 ± 7.7 | 0.53 |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter, no (%) | 20 (19) | 24 (25) | 0.28 |
| Blood pressure, mm Hg | |||
| Systolic | 115 ± 18 | 115 ± 19 | 0.77 |
| Diastolic | 71 ± 11 | 71 ± 11 | 0.72 |
| Severity of CSA | |||
| Total AHI, no/h | 37.8 ± 15.1 | 38.9 ± 15.0 | 0.59 |
| Central AHI, no/h | 33.0 ± 15.0 | 35.4 ± 15.1 | 0.26 |
| Mean SaO2, % | 93.1 ± 3.3 | 93.2 ± 3.6 | 0.70 |
| Lowest SaO2, % | 81.9 ± 6.3 | 81.4 ± 8.1 | 0.82 |
| Medication use, no (%) | |||
| ACEIs and/or ARBs | 105 (97) | 92 (95) | 0.38 |
| Loop diuretics | 98 (91) | 83 (86) | 0.25 |
| Beta blockers | 85 (79) | 75 (77) | 0.81 |
| Digoxin | 61 (56) | 50 (52) | 0.48 |
| Aspirin | 57 (53) | 49 (51) | 0.75 |
| Statins | 43 (40) | 41 (42) | 0.72 |
| Spironolactone | 41 (38) | 33 (34) | 0.56 |
| Amiodarone | 19 (18) | 22 (23) | 0.36 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 16 (15) | 13 (14) | 0.77 |
Values are means ± SD or number (%).
Totals in table may not equal 100% due to rounding.
Abbreviations: ACEIs = angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, AHI = apnea-hypopnea index, ARBs = angiotensin II receptor blockers, BMI = body mass index, CSA = central sleep apnea, LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction, NYHA = New York Heart Association, SaO2 = oxygen saturation.