Figure 2. IL-21 induces upregulation of cytokine and chemokine production.
Human monocytes (2A, 2C) or U937 cells (2B, 2D) (30 × 106 cells) were incubated with orthovanadate (5mM) for 30 minutes, and either untreated or stimulated with IL-21 (50 ng/mL) for 6 hours. Supernatants from each sample were incubated with the cytokine/chemokine antibody array for two hours before development using streptavidin-HRP solution. Data represents the mean ± SD of three experiments. (A, C) * Monocytes P < 0.05, (B, D) * U937 P < 0.01.