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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neurovirol. 2008 Nov 12;14(5):376–388. doi: 10.1080/13550280802199898

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Inhibition by minocycline of activation of p38 and JNK MAPKs with SNP treatment in differentiated U937 cells. After four hours of treatment with 10 mM SNP, both p38 and JNK were activated, as indicated by phospho-specific western blot analysis (representative blots shown). Pretreatment for four hours with minocycline led to a dose-dependent reduction in the activation of p38 and JNK by SNP. Western blot analyses for total p38 and JNK expression also are shown. Results are the means of four independent experiments, with error bars illustrating the SEM. Densitometric analysis was performed with Kodak MI software. Values are presented as percent activation relative to activated samples (SNP treated, no minocycline). A one-sample t-test was performed to compare the mean activation level of each treatment group to 100%. Asterisks represent the lowest dose at which a statistically significant decrease in activation was observed compared to SNP stimulation (*p = 0.008, **p = 0.018); all higher doses also resulted in significant decreases.