Table 3.
ORs (95% CIs) of ALL for household use of paint and solvents for various users and time windows of use, stratified by age at diagnosis (conditional logistic regressions, adjustment for income and either paint or solvent exposure).
| Age at diagnosis (years)
|
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All cases (n = 550)
|
0–1.9 (n = 62)
|
2.0–5.9 (n = 313)
|
6.0–14.9 (n = 175)
|
|||||
| Exposure | No. of discordant pairs/triplets (%) | OR (95% CI) | No. of discordant pairs/triplets (%) | OR (95% CI) | No. of discordant pairs/triplets (%) | OR (95% CI) | No. of discordant pairs/triplets (%) | OR (95% CI) |
| Paint | ||||||||
| Overall | 302 (54.9) | 1.65 (1.26–2.15) | 31 (50.0) | 2.70 (1.14–6.42) | 181 (57.8) | 1.72 (1.21–2.45) | 90 (51.4) | 1.36 (0.84–2.20) |
| By period of exposure | ||||||||
| Preconception | 106 (19.3) | 1.10 (0.71–1.69) | 10 (16.0) | 2.91 (0.48–17.6) | 55 (17.6) | 1.04 (0.58–1.87) | 41 (23.4) | 1.08 (0.53–2.24) |
| Pregnancy | 196 (35.6) | 1.21 (0.88–1.67) | 27 (43.5) | 1.92 (0.69–5.39) | 107 (34.2) | 1.21 (0.78–1.88) | 62 (35.4) | 1.12 (0.62–2.02) |
| After birth | 292 (53.1) | 1.39 (1.07–1.81) | 25 (40.3) | 1.11 (0.45–2.76) | 176 (56.2) | 1.46 (1.13–2.38) | 91 (52.0) | 1.35 (0.84–2.17) |
| By user | ||||||||
| Mother | 252 (45.8) | 1.19 (0.89–1.58) | 24 (38.7) | 2.49 (0.92–6.78) | 155 (49.5) | 1.20 (0.83–1.75) | 73 (41.7) | 1.06 (0.61–1.84) |
| Father | 281 (51.1) | 1.44 (1.08–1.91) | 27 (43.5) | 2.06 (0.80–5.27) | 170 (54.3) | 1.50 (1.04–2.17) | 84 (48.0) | 1.29 (0.76–2.19) |
| Others | 166 (30.2) | 1.63 (1.17–2.26) | 14 (22.6) | 0.83 (0.24–2.84) | 95 (30.6) | 1.85 (1.17–2.93) | 57 (32.6) | 1.45 (0.85–2.49) |
| Frequency of usea | ||||||||
| Rarely | 154 (28.0) | 1.28 (0.92–1.78) | 21 (33.9) | 2.36 (0.89–6.29) | 95 (30.4) | 1.40 (0.90–2.17) | 38 (21.7) | 0.83 (0.44–1.59) |
| Frequently | 194 (35.3) | 1.74 (1.25–2.43) | 15 (24.2) | 3.50 (1.08–11.4) | 115 (36.7) | 1.77 (1.13–2.75) | 64 (36.6) | 1.48 (0.83–2.62) |
| ptrendb | 0.001 | 0.031 | 0.010 | — | ||||
| Solvents | ||||||||
| Overall | 271 (49.3) | 1.15 (0.87–1.51) | 32 (51.6) | 0.66 (0.30–1.47) | 150 (47.9) | 1.55 (1.07–2.25) | 89 (50.9) | 0.87 (0.54–1.42) |
| By period of exposure | ||||||||
| Before birth | 214 (38.9) | 1.19 (0.83–1.71) | 28 (45.2) | 1.49 (0.49–4.49) | 121 (38.7) | 1.20 (0.74–1.95) | 65 (37.1) | 1.13 (0.60–2.14) |
| After birth | 245 (44.5) | 1.06 (0.76–1.50) | 21 (33.9) | 0.60 (0.19–1.87) | 145 (46.3) | 1.26 (0.80–1.98) | 79 (45.1) | 0.93 (0.50–1.72) |
| By user | ||||||||
| Mother | 161 (29.3) | 1.08 (0.77–1.51) | 17 (27.4) | 1.00 (0.36–2.78) | 101 (32.3) | 1.41 (0.91–2.20) | 43 (24.6) | 0.70 (0.36–1.38) |
| Father | 237 (43.1) | 1.17 (0.88–1.56) | 29 (46.8) | 0.66 (0.27–1.57) | 137 (43.8) | 1.44 (0.98–2.11) | 71 (40.6) | 1.06 (0.63–1.78) |
| Others | 79 (14.4) | 1.16 (0.73–1.86) | 8 (12.9) | 2.66 (0.60–11.8) | 40 (12.8) | 1.10 (0.56–2.17) | 31 (17.7) | 1.15 (0.52–2.52) |
| Frequency of usec | ||||||||
| Rarely | 109 (19.8) | 1.12 (0.75–1.67) | 14 (22.6) | 0.42 (0.12–1.40) | 62 (19.8) | 1.78 (1.04–3.04) | 33 (18.9) | 0.59 (0.26–1.33) |
| Frequently | 180 (32.7) | 1.31 (0.95–1.81) | 20 (32.3) | 1.06 (0.41–2.75) | 99 (31.6) | 1.50 (0.96–2.34) | 61 (34.9) | 1.22 (0.70–2.13) |
| ptrendb | 0.102 | — | — | — | ||||
“Rarely” indicates one time window only (preconception, first, second, and third trimester of pregnancy, first, second, and third year of life) and fewer than five times; “Frequently” indicates other combinations.
p-Value obtained when entered as a continuous variable in the model (calculated only when risk estimates showed a pattern consistent with a linear dose–response relationship).
“Rarely” indicates four time windows or fewer (preconception, first, second, and third trimester of pregnancy, first, second, and third year of life), and fewer than five times in each; “Frequently” indicates other combinations.