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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Oct 23.
Published in final edited form as: Neuron. 2008 Oct 23;60(2):378–389. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.09.023

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Learning-phase activation changes in bilateral hippocampus demonstrated a significant correlation with such changes in the midbrain. This analysis regressed the difference in % signal change from early to late learning in a seed region in the midbrain with voxels in the medial temporal lobe (P<0.001, extent threshold 5 voxels; small volume corrected, P<0.05). Extracting the change in integrated % signal change for all activated voxels in left and right hippocampus (98 and 161 voxels, respectively) identified in this regression confirmed the tight relationship with the change in integrated % signal change in the midbrain. Importantly, this relationship between hippocampal and midbrain activation remained significant even when excluding the two participants demonstrating the strongest and weakest change in midbrain learning-phase activity (left hippocampus–midbrain r=0.59; P<0.005; right hippocampus–midbrain, r=0.75, P<0.001).