Table 1.
Anthropometric and metabolic measures of participants before dieting and after 4, 8, and 12 months of dieting
| High-CHO diet group |
High-MUFA diet group |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 4 months | 8 months | 12 months | Baseline | 4 months | 8 months | 12 months | |
| n (men/women) | 52 (17/35) | 43 (17/26) | ||||||
| Body weight (kg) | 102.1 ± 2.0* | 98.2 ± 2.0 | 98.3 ± 2.1 | 98.3 ± 2.0 | 103.7 ± 2.8* | 99.2 ± 2.8 | 99.3 ± 2.9 | 99.7 ± 3.0 |
| Lean body mass (kg) | 62.1 ± 1.5* | 61.6 ± 1.6 | 61.9 ± 1.6 | 61.3 ± 2.2 | 63.2 ± 2.2* | 62.5 ± 2.2 | 63.0 ± 2.2 | 62.5 ± 2.2 |
| Body fat (kg) | 38.9 ± 1.0* | 36.5 ± 1.1 | 36.3 ± 1.1 | 37.1 ± 1.1 | 38.8 ± 1.3* | 35.6 ± 1.6 | 36.3 ± 1.4 | 36.9 ± 1.4 |
| Blood pressure (mmHg) | 130/77 ± 2.0/1.6* | 128/73 ± 2.2/1.4 | 130/74 ± 2.3/1.1 | 129/73 ± 2.3/1.4 | 132/78 ± 2.3/1.4* | 128/73 ± 2.7/1.2 | 127/75 ± 2.4/1.3 | 130/73 ± 2.4/1.5 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 178 ± 4.9 | 183 ± 5.1 | 188 ± 5.5 | 180 ± 5.2 | 179 ± 7.2 | 177 ± 6.3 | 182 ± 6.4 | 184 ± 6.5 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 182 ± 17.9 | 179 ± 14.9 | 174 ± 12.7 | 177 ± 17.4 | 202 ± 17.3 | 188 ± 14.6 | 197 ± 27.2 | 201 ± 20.0 |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 100 ± 4.6 | 103 ± 4.9 | 107 ± 5.1 | 97 ± 4.9 | 104 ± 7.0 | 99 ± 6.5 | 104 ± 5.9 | 101 ± 6.1 |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 43 ± 1.4* | 44 ± 1.4 | 46 ± 1.4 | 48 ± 1.4 | 42 ± 1.2* | 44 ± 1.2 | 46 ± 1.3 | 47 ± 1.3 |
| A1C (%) | 7.2 ± 0.1* | 6.8 ± 0.1 | 7.1 ± 0.2 | 7.2 ± 0.2 | 7.4 ± 0.1* | 6.8 ± 0.2 | 7.0 ± 0.2 | 7.5 ± 0.3 |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 135 ± 4.7* | 122 ± 4.4 | 137 ± 7.3 | 127 ± 5.5 | 150 ± 7.0* | 130 ± 6.4 | 141 ± 7.7 | 142 ± 8.1 |
| Insulin (pmol/l) | 314 ± 37.1* | 283 ± 23.4 | 260 ± 23.9 | 287 ± 26.7 | 309 ± 25.4* | 244 ± 17.2 | 217 ± 14.7 | 251 ± 23.6 |
| HOMA-IR† | 7.6 ± 0.6* | 7.0 ± 0.6 | 7.4 ± 0.9 | 7.6 ± 0.8 | 9.2 ± 0.8* | 6.7 ± 0.6 | 6.7 ± 0.8 | 7.8 ± 1.0 |
Data are means ± SEM.
*
Variables with significant time effects, P < 0.01.
†
HOMA-IR = insulin (units per milliliter) × glucose (millimoles per liter) ÷ 22.5.