Table 3.
Joint associations of cardiorespiratory fitness and obesity with IFG and type 2 diabetes: ACLS, 1974–2006
| Fit* |
Unfit* |
P value§ | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | No. of cases | Rat† | Adjusted RR (95% CI)‡ | No. | No. of cases | Rat† | Adjusted RR (95% CI)‡ | ||
| IFG | |||||||||
| BMI | |||||||||
| 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 | 3,461 | 1,538 | 79.0 | 1.00 (referent) | 202 | 95 | 85.4 | 1.03 (0.84–1.27) | 0.88 |
| 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 | 3,047 | 1,470 | 100.9 | 1.23 (1.14–1.32) | 424 | 203 | 108.2 | 1.26 (1.08–1.46) | 0.73 |
| ≥30 kg/m2 | 430 | 194 | 116.9 | 1.37 (1.18–1.60) | 231 | 112 | 135.0 | 1.48 (1.22–1.80) | 0.25 |
| Waist girth‖ | |||||||||
| ≤102 cm | 4,799 | 2,072 | 87.3 | 1.00 (referent) | 262 | 103 | 86.4 | 0.93 (0.76–1.14) | 0.42 |
| >102 cm | 570 | 282 | 124.6 | 1.35 (1.19–1.53) | 205 | 106 | 149.4 | 1.50 (1.22–1.83) | 0.10 |
| % body fat | |||||||||
| <25% | 5,760 | 2,639 | 87.4 | 1.00 (referent) | 435 | 211 | 100.4 | 1.08 (0.93–1.24) | 0.33 |
| ≥25% | 1,178 | 563 | 101.8 | 1.12 (1.02–1.23) | 422 | 199 | 118.2 | 1.21 (1.04–1.40) | 0.48 |
| Type 2 diabetes | |||||||||
| BMI | |||||||||
| 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 | 5,565 | 134 | 2.8 | 1.00 (referent) | 346 | 12 | 4.6 | 1.55 (0.86–2.81) | 0.30 |
| 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 | 5,787 | 199 | 4.8 | 1.58 (1.26–1.97) | 823 | 32 | 6.7 | 2.10 (1.41–3.12) | 0.17 |
| ≥30 kg/m2 | 948 | 50 | 10.2 | 3.00 (2.13–4.23) | 537 | 50 | 21.2 | 5.69 (4.04–8.00) | <0.001 |
| Waist girth¶ | |||||||||
| ≤102 cm | 8,115 | 201 | 3.6 | 1.00 (referent) | 451 | 17 | 6.8 | 1.77 (1.07–2.93) | 0.06 |
| >102 cm | 1,293 | 67 | 9.6 | 2.38 (1.78–3.17) | 467 | 35 | 18.3 | 4.00 (2.76–5.80) | 0.01 |
| % body fat | |||||||||
| <25% | 9,857 | 284 | 3.7 | 1.00 (referent) | 774 | 32 | 6.9 | 1.78 (1.23–2.58) | 0.01 |
| ≥25% | 2,443 | 99 | 6.1 | 1.53 (1.21–1.94) | 932 | 62 | 13.0 | 2.79 (2.10–3.70) | <0.001 |
*
Fit (most fit 80%); unfit (least fit 20%).
†
Per 1,000 person-years adjusted for age and examination year.
‡
Adjusted for age, examination year, parental diabetes, current smoking, alcohol consumption, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and baseline IFG (for type 2 diabetes).
§
P values between fit and unfit in each category of obesity measures.
‖
Data from 5,836 men (2,563 IFG events).
¶
Data from 10,326 men (320 type 2 diabetes events).