Table 2.
Characteristics of the clinic-based cohort of 471 individuals with type 1 diabetes by diabetes duration
| Duration of diabetes (years) |
P | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <10 | 10–19 | 20–29 | ≥30 | ||
| n | 165 | 162 | 101 | 43 | — |
| Male | 104 (63.0) | 91 (56.2) | 52 (51.5) | 18 (41.9) | 0.05 |
| Age (years) | 34.2 ± 9.7 | 37.3 ± 9.0 | 41.6 ± 8.4 | 47.5 ± 6.1 | <0.001 |
| C-peptide (nmol/l) | 0.12 (0.08–0.27) | 0.05 (0.02–0.10) | 0.04 (0.02–0.10) | 0.03 (0.01–0.10) | <0.0001 |
| Retinopathy | |||||
| Background | 17 (10.3) | 48 (29.6) | 45 (44.6) | 23 (55.5) | <0.0001 |
| Preproliferating | 0 (0) | 5 (3.1) | 5 (5.0) | 0 (0) | |
| Proliferating | 0 (0) | 12 (7.4) | 15 (14.9) | 7 (16.3) | |
| Diabetic nephropathy | 2 (1.2) | 12 (7.4) | 15 (14.9) | 7 (16.3) | <0.0001 |
| Autonomic or peripheral neuropathy | 25 (15.1) | 55 (33.0) | 53 (52.5) | 32 (74.4) | <0.0001 |
| All microvascular complications | 37 (22.4) | 90 (55.6) | 76 (75.3) | 39 (90.7) | <0.0001 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 2 (1.2) | 5 (3.1) | 16 (15.8) | 8 (18.6) | <0.0001 |
Data are means ± SD, n (%), or geometric mean (25th–75th percentile) unless otherwise indicated.