Table 2.

Standardized mean differences (SMD) for changes from baseline grouped by patient- and observer-reported outcome.

	No. of treatment arms	SMD (95% confidence interval)	I2 (%)
No treatment
Observer-reported	11	-0.28 (-0.56 to -0.01)	20
Patient-reported	26	-0.22 (-0.36 to -0.09)	30
Placebo
Observer-reported	11	-0.50 (-0.81 to -0.20)	40
Patient-reported	26	-0.42 (-0.62 to -0.22)	63
Active treatment
Observer-reported	16	-0.92 (-1.22 to -0.62)	56
Patient-reported	36	-1.04 (-1.22 to -0.87)	59