Table 1.

Results from the three GEE analyses testing the associations between baseline measures of Atrophy, WMH, and their combined effects on rate of cognitive decline. Each analysis was run with (Model 1) and without (Model 2) vascular risk factor variables. The main effect of “Time” shows the rate of mMMS change per 1 year interval. Interactions involving Time show the annualized rate of change on mMMS as a function of each unit of the independent variable. For example, the “Time X Bicaudate Ratio” interaction shows the impact of baseline atrophy measures on rate of annualized mMMS change (i.e., for every 1% increase in baseline bicaudate ratio, there is an associated 0.316 point decrease in mMMS score per year).

GEE Analysis	Variable of Interest	Model 1*		Model 2¥
		β	P	β	P
Atrophy	Time	1.619	0.485	2.964	0.116
	Bicaudate Ratio	−0.786	0.023	−0.497	0.092
	Time X Bicaudate ratio	−0.316	0.036	−0.415	<0.001
WMH	Time	−2.706	<0.001	−3.160	<0.001
	Scheltens Score	−0.082	0.683	−0.106	0.558
	Time X Scheltens Score	−0.173	0.028	−0.122	0.71
Atrophy + WMH	Time	−1.988	0.295	0.977	0.504
	Bicaudate Ratio	−0.445	0.148	−0.427	0.121
	Scheltens Score	−0.224	0.245	−0.145	0.360
	Time X Bicaudate Ratio	−6.277	0.620	−0.278	0.003
	Time X Scheltens Score	0.968	0.049	0.512	0.094
	Time X Bicaudate Ratio X Scheltens Score	−6.061	0.018	−3.250	0.050

^*Model adjusted for Age, Sex, Education, APOE4, Diabetes, Dyslipidemia, CAD, and Hypertension

^¥Model adjusted for Age, Sex, and Education