Table 4.
Percent of field soil samples positive for specified bacteria by season, soil depth, and time to manure application
| Season (soil depth) | E. coli | E. coli O157 | Salmonella | Campylobacter |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spring | ||||
| Before manure application | ||||
| (shallow) | 14% (1/7) | 0% (0/7) | 14% (1/7) | 14% (1/7) |
| (95% CI) | (0.4 to 57.9) | NA | (0.4 to 57.9) | (0.4 to 57.9) |
| (deep) | 0% (0/7) | 0% (0/7) | 0% (0/7) | 0% (0/7) |
| (95% CI) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| 48 h after manure application | ||||
| (shallow) | 57% (4/7) | 0% (0/7) | 0% (0/7) | 71% (5/7) |
| (95% CI) | (18.4 to 90.1) | NA | NA | (29.0 to 96.3) |
| (deep) | 43% (3/7) | 0% (0/7) | 14% (1/7) | 43% (3/7) |
| (95% CI) | (9.9 to 81.6) | NA | (0.4 to 57.9) | (9.9 to 81.6) |
| 1 wk after manure application | ||||
| (shallow) | 29% (2/7) | 0% (0/7) | 0% (0/7) | 57% (4/7) |
| (95% CI) | (13.7 to 71.0) | NA | NA | (18.4 to 90.1) |
| (deep) | 14% (1/7) | 0% (0/7) | 0% (0/7) | 29% (2/7) |
| (95% CI) | (0.4 to 57.9) | NA | NA | (13.7 to 71.0) |
| 1 mo after manure application | ||||
| (shallow) | 14% (1/7) | 0% (0/7) | 0% (0/7) | 29% (2/7) |
| (95% CI) | (0.4 to 57.9) | NA | NA | (13.7 to 71.0) |
| (deep) | 14% (1/7) | 0% (0/7) | 0% (0/7) | 14% (1/7) |
| (95% CI) | (0.4 to 57.9) | NA | NA | (0.4 to 57.9) |
| Fall | ||||
| Before manure application | ||||
| (shallow) | 0% (0/4) | 25% (1/4) | 0% (0/4) | 0% (0/4) |
| (95% CI) | NA | (0.6 to 80.6) | NA | NA |
| (deep) | 25% (1/4) | 0% (0/4) | 0% (0/4) | 0% (0/4) |
| (95% CI) | (0.6 to 80.6) | NA | NA | NA |
| 48 h after manure application | ||||
| (shallow) | 75% (3/4) | 25% (1/4) | 0% (0/4) | 25% (1/4) |
| (95% CI) | (19.4 to 99.4) | (0.6 to 80.6) | NA | (0.6 to 80.6) |
| (deep) | 50% (2/4) | 0% (0/4) | 0% (0/4) | 0% (0/4) |
| (95% CI) | (16.8 to 93.2) | NA | NA | NA |
| 1 wk after manure application | ||||
| (shallow) | 75% (3/4) | 0% (0/4) | 0% (0/4) | 0% (0/4) |
| (95% CI) | (19.4 to 99.4) | NA | NA | NA |
| (deep) | 50% (2/4) | 0% (0/4) | 0% (0/4) | 0% (0/4) |
| (95% CI) | (16.8 to 93.2) | NA | NA | NA |
| 1 mo after manure application | ||||
| (shallow) | 50% (2/4) | 25% (1/4) | 0% (0/4) | 0% (0/4) |
| (95% CI) | (16.8 to 93.2) | (0.6 to 80.6) | NA | NA |
| (deep) | 25% (1/4) | 0% (0/4) | 0% (0/4) | 0% (0/4) |
| (95% CI) | (0.6 to 80.6) | NA | NA | NA |
NA — Not available; could not be calculated. 95% CI — 95% confidence interval.