Table 2.
Univariate analysis: prevalence of viral hepatitis markers among inmates by jail site and other characteristics
| Characteristic | Weighted percent (95% confidence intervals)a | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCV infection (n = 11,168) | Past HBV infection (n = 11,166) | Chronic HBV infection (n = 11,165) | Serologic evidence of vaccinationb (n = 11,166) | |
| Overall | 13 (12–14) | 19 (18–19) | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | 12 (12–13) |
| Chicago | 14 (13–16) | 19 (17–20) | 0.6 (0.3–0.9) | 9 (8–10) |
| Detroit | 15 (14–16) | 21 (20–22) | 0.2 (0.1–0.3) | 10 (9–11) |
| San Francisco | 10 (9–11) | 16 (15–17) | 2.0 (1.6–2.4) | 17 (16–19) |
| Female | 16 (15–18) | 26 (24–27) | 0.9 (0.5–1.2) | 13 (11–14) |
| Male | 12 (11–13) | 16 (15–17) | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | 12 (12–13) |
| Age (years) | ||||
| 15–19 | 1 (1–2)c | 5 (4–6)c | 0.2 (0–0.4) | 35 (33–38)c |
| 20–29 | 7 (6–8) | 13 (12–14) | 1.1 (0.8–1.3) | 9 (8–10) |
| 30–39 | 15 (14–16) | 27 (25–29) | 1.3 (0.9–1.7) | 10 (9–11) |
| 40 + | 39 (36–41) | 33 (31–35) | 0.6 (0.2–0.9) | 9 (7–10) |
| Race | ||||
| White | 24 (22–25) | 14 (12–15) | 1.0 (0.6–1.4) | 12 (10–13) |
| Black | 11 (10–12) | 21 (20–22) | 0.2 (0.1–0.3) | 13 (12–13) |
| Hispanic | 8 (7–10) | 11 (10–13) | 3.6 (2.7–4.6) | 10 (9–12) |
| Asian | 3 (1–4) | 31 (26–35) | 4.7 (2.5–6.8) | 25 (21–30) |
| Previously incarcerated | 15 (14–16) | 21 (20–22) | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) | 11 (11–12) |
| Not previously incarcerated | 5 (5–6) | 10 (9–11) | 1.6 (1.1–2.0) | 16 (15–17) |
| Drug related offence | 14 (12–15) | 20 (18–21) | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | 12 (11–13) |
| Not drug related offence | 13 (12–13) | 18 (17–19) | 0.8 (0.6–1.0 | 13 (12–13) |
| HIV-positive | 38 (31–42) | 50 (42–57) | 8.2 (4.0–12.4) | 13 (8–18) |
| HIV-negative | 13 (12–13) | 18 (17–19) | 0.8 (0.7–1.0) | 12 (12–13) |
| Syphilis-positive | 27 (22–32) | 48 (43–54) | 2.0 (0.4–3.7) | 3 (1–5) |
| Syphilis-negative | 13 (12–13) | 16 (17–18) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 13 (12–14) |
| HBV core antibody-positive | 33 (31–35) | NA | NA | NA |
| HBV core antibody-negative | 8 (8–9) | |||
| HCV-positive | NA | 48 (46–51) | 1.3 (0.6–1.9) | 11 (9–13) |
| HCV –negative | 14 (14–15) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 13 (12–13) | |
aResults in bold font highlight nonoverlapping 95% CIs. Chicago, the youngest age group and white race were used as references for comparing polytomous variables.
bPresence of HBV surface antibodies and absence of HBV core antibodies
cCochran–Armitage trend test, p < .05