TABLE 1.
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameter estimates
Estimates ± S.D. from pharmacokinetic analysis, the maximum percentage increase over baseline for heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and QRS duration, and the estimates for E0, EC50, and Emax from six dogs given cocaine alone and cocaine plus ethanol. Only the Cl was found to be significantly different between the cocaine alone and cocaine plus ethanol treatment phases.
|
Cocaine
|
Cocaine plus Ethanol
|
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Value | E0 | EC50 | Emax | Value | E0 | EC50 | Emax | |
| Pharmacokinetics | ||||||||
| k (min-1) | 0.016 ± 0.0040 | 0.0119 ± 0.0041 | ||||||
| Vss (l/kg) | 2.5 ± 0.61 | 3.1 ± 0.97 | ||||||
| Cl (l/min) | 1.24 ± 0.123 | 0.79 ± 0.283† | ||||||
| Cmax (ng/ml) | 2838 ± 497 | 2804 ± 1016 | ||||||
| Maximum effect over baseline (%) | ||||||||
| Heart rate | 49 ± 31 | 53 ± 28 | ||||||
| Systolic BP | 46 ± 13 | 49 ± 28 | ||||||
| Diastolic BP | 88 ± 44 | 79 ± 37 | ||||||
| QRS | 18 ± 10 | 24 ± 10 | ||||||
| Simple Emax | ||||||||
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 93 ± 16 | 4482 ± 5330 | 188 ± 62 | 96 ± 15 | 1477 ± 1239 | 164 ± 47 | ||
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 152 ± 22 | 276 ± 161 | 224 ± 19 | 148 ± 23 | 565 ± 404 | 233 ± 35 | ||
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 94 ± 15 | 619 ± 164 | 166 ± 13 | 94 ± 10 | 403 ± 183 | 153 ± 9 | ||
| QRS (ms) | 76 ± 7 | 11,797 ± 6014 | 128 ± 32 | 61 ± 8 | 599 ± 7549 | 94 ± 17 | ||
BP, blood pressure.