TABLE 3.
In vitro activities of piperacillin in combination with BLI-489 and comparative antibacterial agents against recently identified gram-positive clinical isolates
| Organism (no. of isolates) | Antibiotic | MIC (μg/ml)
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Range | 50% | 90% | ||
| Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin resistant (50) | Piperacillin | 16->128 | >128 | >128 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | 2->128 | 64 | >128 | |
| Piperacillin-BLI-489 | 0.5->128 | 32 | >128 | |
| Levofloxacin | 0.12->16 | 4 | >16 | |
| Cefepime | 4->16 | >16 | >16 | |
| Vancomycin | 0.5-2 | 1 | 1 | |
| Linezolid | 2-4 | 2 | 4 | |
| Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin susceptible (50) | Piperacillin | 0.5->128 | 64 | >128 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | 0.5-2 | 1 | 2 | |
| Piperacillin-BLI-489 | ≤0.12-0.5 | 0.25 | 0.5 | |
| Levofloxacin | 0.12-8 | 0.25 | 0.5 | |
| Cefepime | 2-4 | 2 | 4 | |
| Vancomycin | 0.5-1 | 0.5 | 1 | |
| Linezolid | 2-4 | 4 | 4 | |
| Staphylococcus epidermidis, methicillin resistant (50) | Piperacillin | 0.25-128 | 8 | 64 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | ≤0.12-32 | 1 | 8 | |
| Piperacillin-BLI-489 | ≤0.12-32 | 0.5 | 8 | |
| Levofloxacin | 0.12->16 | 2 | >16 | |
| Cefepime | 0.25->16 | 4 | >16 | |
| Vancomycin | 0.5-4 | 2 | 2 | |
| Linezolid | 1-2 | 1 | 2 | |
| Staphylococcus epidermidis, methicillin susceptible (50) | Piperacillin | ≤0.12-8 | 2 | 8 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | ≤0.12-1 | 0.25 | 0.5 | |
| Piperacillin-BLI-489 | ≤0.004-0.5 | ≤0.004 | ≤0.004 | |
| Levofloxacin | 0.06-8 | 0.12 | 0.25 | |
| Cefepime | 0.25-2 | 0.5 | 1 | |
| Vancomycin | 0.5-1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Linezolid | 1-2 | 1 | 2 | |
| Staphylococcus haemolyticus (52) | Piperacillin | 2->128 | >128 | >128 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | 0.5->128 | 32 | >128 | |
| Piperacillin-BLI-489 | 0.25->128 | 32 | >128 | |
| Levofloxacin | 0.12->16 | 8 | 16 | |
| Cefepime | 1->16 | >16 | >16 | |
| Vancomycin | 0.25-2 | 1 | 1 | |
| Linezolid | 1-2 | 1 | 2 | |
| Enterococcus faecalis (52) | Piperacillin | 2-32 | 2 | 4 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | 2-32 | 2 | 4 | |
| Piperacillin-BLI-489 | 1-16 | 2 | 4 | |
| Levofloxacin | 0.5->16 | 1 | >16 | |
| Cefepime | 1->16 | >16 | >16 | |
| Vancomycin | 0.5-2 | 1 | 2 | |
| Linezolid | 1-2 | 2 | 2 | |
| Enterococcus faecium (54) | Piperacillin | 1->128 | 32 | >128 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | 1->128 | 32 | >128 | |
| Piperacillin-BLI-489 | 0.25->128 | 4 | >128 | |
| Levofloxacin | 0.5->16 | 4 | >16 | |
| Cefepime | 0.12->16 | >16 | >16 | |
| Vancomycin | 0.5-2 | 0.5 | 1 | |
| Linezolid | 0.5-4 | 2 | 2 | |
| Enterococcus faecalis, vancomycin resistant (16) | Piperacillin | 2->128 | 2 | >128 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | 2->128 | 2 | >128 | |
| Piperacillin-BLI-489 | 2-128 | 2 | 64 | |
| Levofloxacin | 1->16 | 2 | >16 | |
| Cefepime | 16->16 | >16 | >16 | |
| Vancomycin | 16->32 | >32 | >32 | |
| Linezolid | 1-2 | 2 | 2 | |
| Enterococcus faecium, vancomycin resistant (34) | Piperacillin | 128->128 | >128 | >128 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | 128->128 | >128 | >128 | |
| Piperacillin-BLI-489 | 32->128 | >128 | >128 | |
| Levofloxacin | >16 | >16 | >16 | |
| Cefepime | >16 | >16 | >16 | |
| Vancomycin | 32->32 | >32 | >32 | |
| Linezolid | 0.5-8 | 2 | 2 | |
| Enterococcus avium (51) | Piperacillin | 4->128 | 16 | 64 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | 4->128 | 16 | 64 | |
| Piperacillin-BLI-489 | 1-128 | 8 | 32 | |
| Levofloxacin | 0.5->16 | 2 | 2 | |
| Cefepime | 2->16 | 4 | 8 | |
| Vancomycin | 0.25-0.5 | 0.25 | 0.5 | |
| Linezolid | 1-2 | 2 | 2 | |
| Enterococcus spp.a (41) | Piperacillin | 0.25->128 | 4 | 16 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | 0.25->128 | 4 | 16 | |
| Piperacillin-BLI-489 | ≤0.12->128 | 2 | 8 | |
| Levofloxacin | 0.25->16 | 1 | 8 | |
| Cefepime | 0.25->16 | >16 | >16 | |
| Vancomycin | 0.25-8 | 0.5 | 4 | |
| Linezolid | 0.5-2 | 2 | 2 | |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae, penicillin susceptibleb (42) | Piperacillin | ≤0.004-0.5 | 0.015 | 0.03 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | ≤0.004-0.12 | 0.008 | 0.015 | |
| Piperacillin-BLI-489 | ≤0.004 | ≤0.004 | ≤0.004 | |
| Levofloxacin | 0.25-2 | 1 | 1 | |
| Cefepime | ≤0.015-0.06 | ≤0.015 | ≤0.015 | |
| Vancomycin | ≤0.03-0.5 | 0.12 | 0.25 | |
| Linezolid | 0.12-1 | 0.5 | 1 | |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae, penicillin intermediatec (20) | Piperacillin | ≤0.12-2 | 0.25 | 1 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | ≤0.12-2 | 0.5 | 1 | |
| Piperacillin-BLI-489 | ≤0.12-2 | 0.25 | 1 | |
| Levofloxacin | 0.5-1 | 0.5 | 1 | |
| Cefepime | ≤0.015-0.5 | 0.06 | 0.25 | |
| Vancomycin | 0.12-0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
| Linezolid | 0.25-1 | 0.5 | 1 | |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae, penicillin resistantd (27) | Piperacillin | 1-16 | 2 | 4 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | 0.5-16 | 2 | 4 | |
| Piperacillin-BLI-489 | 0.25-16 | 2 | 4 | |
| Levofloxacin | 0.5-16 | 1 | 1 | |
| Cefepime | 0.12-8 | 0.5 | 1 | |
| Vancomycin | 0.12-0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
| Linezolid | 0.25-1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Streptococcus pyogenes (52) | Piperacillin | 0.015-0.06 | 0.03 | 0.06 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | 0.015-0.06 | 0.03 | 0.06 | |
| Piperacillin-BLI-489 | ≤0.004 | ≤0.004 | ≤0.004 | |
| Levofloxacin | 0.12-1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Cefepime | ≤0.015 | ≤0.015 | ≤0.015 | |
| Vancomycin | 0.12-0.5 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
| Linezolid | 0.5-1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Streptococcus agalactiae (41) | Piperacillin | 0.06-0.25 | 0.12 | 0.25 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | 0.06-0.25 | 0.12 | 0.25 | |
| Piperacillin-BLI-489 | ≤0.004-0.06 | ≤0.004 | 0.03 | |
| Levofloxacin | 0.5-2 | 1 | 1 | |
| Cefepime | 0.03-0.12 | 0.06 | 0.06 | |
| Vancomycin | 0.25-0.5 | 0.25 | 0.5 | |
| Linezolid | 0.5-2 | 1 | 2 | |
a
Species (no. of isolates) included E. casseliflavus (10), E. durans (10), E. gallinarum (10), and E. hirae (11).
b
Penicillin MIC, ≤0.06 μg/ml.
c
Penicillin MIC, 0.12 to 1 μg/ml.
d
Penicillin MIC, ≥2 μg/ml.