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. 2008 Nov 17;53(2):465–475. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00883-08

TABLE 4.

Susceptibilities of ESBL-producing isolates from tigecycline clinical trials

Organism (no. of isolates) Antibiotic MIC (μg/ml)
Range 50% 90%
All isolates (272) Ceftazidime 2->64 32 >64
Cefotaxime ≤4->32 >32 >32
Ceftriaxone ≤4->32 >32 >32
Cefepime ≤2->16 8 >16
Imipenem ≤0.12-32 0.25 1
Piperacillin-tazobactam ≤8->64 ≤8 >64
Tobramycin ≤0.25->32 32 >32
Levofloxacin ≤0.12->16 8 >16
Minocycline ≤0.12->64 8 64
Tigecycline 0.12-16 0.5 2
All E. coli isolates (98) Ceftazidime 2->64 32 >64
Cefotaxime ≤4->32 >32 >32
Ceftriaxone ≤4->32 >32 >32
Cefepime ≤2->16 16 >16
Imipenem ≤0.12-0.5 ≤0.12 0.25
Piperacillin-tazobactam ≤8->64 ≤8 16
Tobramycin ≤0.25->32 32 >32
Levofloxacin ≤0.12->16 16 >16
Minocycline 1->64 4 32
Tigecycline 0.12-2 0.25 0.5
All K. pneumoniae isolates (153) Ceftazidime 2->64 32 >64
Cefotaxime ≤4->32 >32 >32
Ceftriaxone ≤4->32 >32 >32
Cefepime ≤2->16 8 >16
Imipenem ≤0.12-32 0.25 1
Piperacillin-tazobactam ≤4->64 16 >64
Tobramycin ≤0.25->32 32 >32
Levofloxacin ≤0.12->16 2 >16
Minocycline ≤0.12->64 4 64
Tigecycline 0.25-8 0.5 2
All P. mirabilis isolates (21) Ceftazidime 2->64 64 >64
Cefotaxime ≤0.25->32 32 >32
Ceftriaxone ≤1-64 8 32
Cefepime ≤1->16 2 >16
Imipenem 0.5-4 2 4
Piperacillin-tazobactam ≤4->64 8 >64
Tobramycin 0.5->32 8 >32
Levofloxacin ≤0.12->16 8 >16
Minocycline 16->64 64 >64
Tigecycline 0.5-16 2 16
E. coli blaSHVa (7) Ceftazidime 16->64 NAb NA
Cefotaxime ≤4-32 NA NA
Ceftriaxone ≤4-32 NA NA
Cefepime ≤2-4 NA NA
Imipenem ≤0.12-0.5 NA NA
Piperacillin-tazobactam ≤4->64 NA NA
Tobramycin ≤0.25->32 NA NA
Levofloxacin ≤0.12->16 NA NA
Minocycline 2->64 NA NA
Tigecycline 0.12-2 NA NA
E. coli blaCTX, single determinant (33) Ceftazidime 2->64 16 64
Cefotaxime ≤4->32 >32 >32
Ceftriaxone ≤4->32 >32 >32
Cefepime ≤2->16 16 >16
Imipenem ≤0.12-0.5 ≤0.12 0.25
Piperacillin-tazobactam ≤8->64 ≤8 32
Tobramycin 0.5->32 32 >32
Levofloxacin ≤0.12->16 16 >16
Minocycline 1->64 4 32
Tigecycline 0.12-2 0.25 0.5
E. coli blaCTX, multiple determinants (18) Ceftazidime 2->64 32 64
Cefotaxime 32->32 >32 >32
Ceftriaxone >32 >32 >32
Cefepime 4->16 16 >16
Imipenem ≤0.12-0.25 ≤0.12 0.25
Piperacillin-tazobactam ≤8-16 ≤8 16
Tobramycin 0.5->32 32 >32
Levofloxacin ≤0.12->16 >16 >16
Minocycline 2-64 4 32
Tigecycline 0.12-1 0.5 0.5
E. coli blaCTX + blaSHVa (16) Ceftazidime 2->64 16 64
Cefotaxime 32->32 >32 >32
Ceftriaxone >32 >32 >32
Cefepime ≤2->16 16 >16
Imipenem ≤0.12-0.25 ≤0.12 0.25
Piperacillin-tazobactam ≤4-16 <4 8
Tobramycin 0.5->32 32 >32
Levofloxacin ≤0.12->16 16 >16
Minocycline 1-32 4 16
Tigecycline 0.25-0.5 0.25 0.5
E. coli blaAmpC (5) Ceftazidime 4-64 NA NA
Cefotaxime 4-32 NA NA
Ceftriaxone 4-32 NA NA
Cefepime ≤2 NA NA
Imipenem 0.12-0.25 NA NA
Piperacillin-tazobactam ≤4-8 NA NA
Tobramycin 1-8 NA NA
Levofloxacin ≤0.12->16 NA NA
Minocycline 1->64 NA NA
Tigecycline 0.25-0.5 NA NA
E. coli blaAmpC + ESBL (15) Ceftazidime 16->32 >32 >32
Cefotaxime 16->32 >32 >32
Ceftriaxone 16->32 >32 >32
Cefepime 4->16 16 >16
Imipenem ≤0.12-0.5 0.25 0.5
Piperacillin-tazobactam ≤8-32 ≤8 16
Tobramycin 1->32 16 >32
Levofloxacin ≤0.12->16 16 >16
Minocycline 1->64 4 >64
Tigecycline 0.12-1 0.25 0.5
K. pneumoniae blaSHV,a single determinant (14) Ceftazidime 2->64 8 >64
Cefotaxime 2->32 16 >32
Ceftriaxone ≤1->32 8 >32
Cefepime ≤2->16 ≤2 >16
Imipenem 0.12-16 0.25 1
Piperacillin-tazobactam ≤4->64 32 >64
Tobramycin 0.5->32 16 >32
Levofloxacin ≤0.12->16 0.5 16
Minocycline 0.5-64 4 64
Tigecycline 0.25-2 0.5 1
K. pneumoniae blaSHV,a multiple determinants (3) Ceftazidime 16->64 NA NA
Cefotaxime 2-32 NA NA
Ceftriaxone 2-32 NA NA
Cefepime ≤2-16 NA NA
Imipenem ≤0.12-0.25 NA NA
Piperacillin-tazobactam ≤4->64 NA NA
Tobramycin 0.5-16 NA NA
Levofloxacin ≤0.12-0.5 NA NA
Minocycline 2->64 NA NA
Tigecycline 0.5-8 NA NA
K. pneumoniae blaCTX, single determinant (44) Ceftazidime 4->64 32 >64
Cefotaxime 16->32 >32 >32
Ceftriaxone 16->32 >32 >32
Cefepime ≤2->16 16 >16
Imipenem ≤0.12-1 0.25 0.5
Piperacillin-tazobactam ≤4->64 16 >64
Tobramycin ≤0.25->32 16 >32
Levofloxacin ≤0.12->16 4 >16
Minocycline ≤0.12->64 4 32
Tigecycline 0.25-4 1 2
K. pneumoniae blaCTX, multiple determinants (20) Ceftazidime 2->64 32 >64
Cefotaxime 1->32 >32 >32
Ceftriaxone ≤1->32 >32 >32
Cefepime ≤2->16 16 >16
Imipenem ≤0.12-1 0.25 0.5
Piperacillin-tazobactam ≤4->64 16 >64
Tobramycin ≤0.25->32 32 >32
Levofloxacin ≤0.12->16 4 16
Minocycline 2-32 4 16
Tigecycline 0.25-2 0.5 1
K. pneumoniae blaSHVa + blaCTX (39) Ceftazidime 4->64 64 >64
Cefotaxime ≤0.25->32 >32 >32
Ceftriaxone 8->32 >32 >32
Cefepime ≤2->16 8 >16
Imipenem ≤0.12-4 0.25 0.5
Piperacillin-tazobactam ≤4->64 8 >64
Tobramycin 8->32 32 >32
Levofloxacin ≤0.12->16 0.5 >16
Minocycline 1->64 8 64
Tigecycline 0.25-2 0.5 2
K. pneumoniae ESBL + blaAmpC (7) Ceftazidime 4->64 NA NA
Cefotaxime 1->32 NA NA
Ceftriaxone 2->32 NA NA
Cefepime ≤2->16 NA NA
Imipenem ≤0.06-1 NA NA
Piperacillin-tazobactam 8->64 NA NA
Tobramycin ≤0.25->32 NA NA
Levofloxacin 2->16 NA NA
Minocycline 4->64 NA NA
Tigecycline 0.5-4 NA NA
K. pneumoniae blaDHA (4) Ceftazidime 64->64 NA NA
Cefotaxime 2->32 NA NA
Ceftriaxone ≤1->32 NA NA
Cefepime ≤2-16 NA NA
Imipenem 0.5-2 NA NA
Piperacillin-tazobactam 8->64 NA NA
Tobramycin 16->32 NA NA
Levofloxacin 1->16 NA NA
Minocycline 4-64 NA NA
Tigecycline 0.5-1 NA NA
P. mirabilis ESBL, single determinant (6) Ceftazidime 2->64 NA NA
Cefotaxime ≤0.25->64 NA NA
Ceftriaxone ≤1-32 NA NA
Cefepime ≤1->16 NA NA
Imipenem 0.5-4 NA NA
Piperacillin-tazobactam ≤4->64 NA NA
Tobramycin 0.5->32 NA NA
Levofloxacin ≤0.12-16 NA NA
Minocycline 16->64 NA NA
Tigecycline 2-16 NA NA
P. mirabilis ESBL, multiple determinants (7) Ceftazidime 2->64 NA NA
Cefotaxime 8->64 NA NA
Ceftriaxone 2-64 NA NA
Cefepime ≤1->16 NA NA
Imipenem 2-4 NA NA
Piperacillin-tazobactam ≤4->64 NA NA
Tobramycin 4->32 NA NA
Levofloxacin 2->16 NA NA
Minocycline 16->64 NA NA
Tigecycline 0.5-16 NA NA
P. mirabilis blaAmpC (3) Ceftazidime 64->64 NA NA
Cefotaxime 16->32 NA NA
Ceftriaxone 8-16 NA NA
Cefepime 2->16 NA NA
Imipenem 1-2 NA NA
Piperacillin-tazobactam 8-64 NA NA
Tobramycin 4->32 NA NA
Levofloxacin 4->16 NA NA
Minocycline 16-64 NA NA
Tigecycline 2-4 NA NA
a

Thirty-one percent of blaSHV genes were analyzed by pyrosequencing; and sequence information was derived only for nucleotides encoding residues at positions 35, 238, and 240. Therefore, these genes encode critical residues for the ESBL phenotype but have not been fully sequenced for unambiguous determination of the blaSHV derivative.

b

NA, not applicable (less than 10 isolates were analyzed).