Table 3.
Alcohol consumption and risk of incident atrial fibrillation, stratified by various baseline characteristics
| No alcohol | <1 drink/day | 1–<2 drinks/day | ≥2 drinks/day | Pinteraction | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age >60 years | 0.39 | ||||
| Yes (n=6939) | |||||
| Events/participants | 131/3256 | 121/2819 | 19/532 | 25/332 | |
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | Referent | 1.07 (0.83–1.38) | 0.89 (0.54–1.45) | 1.91 (1.22–2.97) | |
| No (n=25764) | |||||
| Events/participants | 151/11171 | 145/12061 | 14/1585 | 14/947 | |
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | Referent | 1.02 (0.80–1.29) | 0.80 (0.46–1.39) | 1.24 (0.71–2.16) | |
| Body mass index >30 kg/m2 | 0.18 | ||||
| Yes (n=5842) | |||||
| Events/participants | 96/3419 | 71/2148 | 2/168 | 4/107 | |
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | Referent | 1.18 (0.86–1.61) | 0.32 (0.08–1.30) | 1.14 (0.41–3.13) | |
| No (n=26861)
| |||||
| Events/participants | 186/11008 | 195/12732 | 31/1949 | 35/1172 | |
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | Referent | 1.02 (0.83–1.25) | 0.94 (0.64–1.38) | 1.67 (1.15–2.40) | |
| Hypertension | 0.38 | ||||
| Yes (n=8270) | |||||
| Events/participants | 146/4151 | 101/3277 | 10/476 | 18/366 | |
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | Referent | 0.93 (0.71–1.21) | 0.57 (0.30–1.08) | 1.38 (0.83–2.29) | |
| No (n=24433) | |||||
| Events/participants | 136/10276 | 165/11603 | 23/1641 | 21/913 | |
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | Referent | 1.16 (0.92–1.47) | 1.08 (0.69–1.70) | 1.84 (1.15–2.95) | |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 0.48 | ||||
| Yes (n=9536) | |||||
| Events/participant | 115/4566 | 84/4015 | 10/576 | 12/379 | |
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | Referent | 0.95 (0.71–1.26) | 0.73 (0.38–1.41) | 1.28 (0.69–2.35) | |
| No (n=23167) | |||||
| Events/participants | 167/9861 | 182/10865 | 23/1541 | 27/900 | |
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | Referent | 1.11 (0.89–1.38) | 0.90 (0.58–1.41) | 1.78 (1.17–2.72) | |
| Current smoking | 0.71 | ||||
| Yes (n=4016) | |||||
| Events/participants | 24/1697 | 20/1716 | 3/296 | 9/307 | |
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | Referent | 0.85 (0.46–1.56) | 0.69 (0.21–2.33) | 1.78 (0.81–3.94) | |
| No (n=28687) | |||||
| Events/participants | 258/12730 | 246/13164 | 30/1821 | 30/972 | |
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | Referent | 1.10 (0.92–1.31) | 0.91 (0.62–1.33) | 1.60 (1.09–2.34) | |
CI Confidence interval
All hazard ratios are adjusted for age, systolic blood pressure, history of hypertension, body mass index, race/ethnicity, smoking, history of diabetes, history of hypercholesterolemia, exercise, education and randomized treatment assignment