Table 2. Comparison by Participation Status*†.
| Participation | Unadjusted | Adjusted for age and sex | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||||
| Hypertension | 54 | 58 | 1.18 (1.01-1.39) | .04 | 1.28 (1.08-1.52) | .004 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 20 | 21 | 1.07 (0.88-1.31) | .48 | 1.11 (0.91-1.36) | .32 |
| Familial CAD | 18 | 21 | 1.19 (0.97-1.47) | .10 | 1.22 (0.98-1.51) | .07 |
| Smoking | 57 | 62 | 1.23 (1.05-1.45) | .01 | 1.15 (0.96-1.38) | .13 |
| MI characteristics | ||||||
| Q waves | 49 | 51 | 1.08 (0.90-1.28) | .41 | 1.06 (0.89-1.26) | .54 |
| Non–ST-segment elevation | 61 | 67 | 1.29 (1.08-1.54) | .005 | 1.29 (1.08-1.55) | .005 |
| Anterior MI | 38 | 37 | 0.96 (0.80-1.14) | .64 | 0.98 (0.82-1.16) | .78 |
| Killip class >1 | 37 | 33 | 0.84 (0.71-1.00) | .05 | 0.86 (0.72-1.02) | .08 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Charlson index | ||||||
| 0 | 42 | 38 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 1-2 | 37 | 36 | 1.07 (0.89-1.28) | .05‡ | 1.16 (0.95-1.40) | .002‡ |
| 3+ | 21 | 25 | 1.29 (1.05-1.60) | 1.41 (1.12-1.78) | ||
*
Values are number (percentage) unless stated otherwise. CAD = coronary artery disease; CI = confidence interval; MI = myocardial infarction; OR= odds ratios.
†
Distributions of the clinical characteristics were obtained from a sample of 1673 participants and 924 nonparticipants.
‡
P value from the likelihood ratio test, 2 df.