. 2009 Feb;23(2):586–604. doi: 10.1096/fj.08-119420

TABLE 2.

Starvation-responsive principal components and constituent metabolites

PPARα^+/+		PPARα^−/−
Metabolite	Loading factor	Metabolite	Loading factor
Plasma
C10:3^a	−0.124	Arginine^b	−0.193
Arginine^b	0.123	Tyrosine^a	−0.185
C10:1^a	0.124	Methionine^a	−0.171
C14-OH/C12-DC	0.152	Glycine^a	−0.169
C12-OH/C10-DC	0.161	Alanine^a	−0.165
C6-DC^b	0.164	C3^a	−0.161
Phenylalanine	0.175	C6-DC^b	−0.148
C12	0.175	Proline^a	−0.127
Valine^a	0.177	Glutamate/glutamine^a	−0.120
Acetoacetate	0.179	Aspartate^a	−0.103
C16-OH	0.183	C10^a	−0.102
C18:1-OH	0.185	Phenylalanine	0.145
C14:2	0.196	C2	0.152
C2	0.203	C18-DC/C20-OH^a	0.156
C8-DC^a	0.204	Leucine/isoleucine	0.161
Leucine/isoleucine	0.207	C12-OH/C10-DC	0.174
C18	0.219	Acetoacetate	0.175
Ketones	0.221	C18-OH^a	0.179
β-Hydroxybutyrate	0.221	C14-OH/C12-DC	0.180
C16	0.222	C14:2	0.186
C14	0.228	β-Hydroxybutyrate	0.186
C18:2	0.229	C12	0.186
C14:1	0.229	Ketones	0.188
C18:1	0.230	C18	0.189
F test	0.0001	C14:1	0.193
		C16-OH	0.193
		C18:1-OH	0.195
		C18:1	0.198
		C16	0.201
		C14	0.201
		C18:2	0.205
		F test	0.0001
Liver
C8^a	−0.224	C16^a	−0.216
C6-DC^b	−0.223	Ornithine	−0.215
Ornithine	−0.211	Citrulline	−0.203
C8-DC^b	−0.191	C2	−0.165
C12-OH/C10-DC^a	−0.189	Histidine^a	−0.162
Citrulline	−0.186	C14	−0.156
Tyrosine^a	−0.174	C18^a	−0.149
Aspartate^b	−0.144	Proline^a	−0.144
C14	−0.140	Phenylalanine^a	−0.143
C2	−0.130	C18:1^b	−0.142
C18:2^a	0.144	Leucine/isoleucine^a	−0.142
C18:1^b	0.148	C16-OH^a	−0.139
Citrate	0.165	C3^a	−0.126
C22	0.180	Methionine^a	−0.110
C10:2	0.183	C10:2	0.120
C5-OH/C3-DC	0.198	C4-DC^a	0.122
Lactate	0.198	C12^a	0.124
C18:1-OH	0.205	C22	0.124
Alanine	0.211	C8:1^a	0.126
Succinate	0.213	C5-OH/C3-DC	0.137
C10:1	0.213	Aspartate^b	0.140
Fumarate	0.217	Fumarate	0.142
Malate	0.219	C10^a	0.144
F test	0.001	C18:1-OH	0.144
		Malate	0.146
		Citrate	0.147
		C8-DC^b	0.156
		α-Ketoglutarate^a	0.163
		Glycine^a	0.164
		Lactate	0.167
		Glutamate/glutamine^a	0.180
		C5-DC^a	0.193
		C10:1	0.203
		Alanine	0.210
		Succinate	0.219
		C6-DC^b	0.231
		F test	0.001
Muscle
Serine	−0.173	Serine	−0.179
Citrate	−0.170	Citrulline^a	−0.176
Alanine	−0.145	Ornithine^a	−0.175
C5:1^a	−0.137	C2^a	−0.171
C6-DC^a	0.134	Alanine	−0.170
C12-OH/C10-DC^a	0.138	C4-DC^a	−0.168
Fumarate^b	0.145	Glutamate/glutamine^a	−0.158
Valine	0.163	α-Ketoglutarate^a	−0.149
C8-DC	0.164	Succinate^a	−0.137
C8	0.165	Tyrosine^a	−0.134
C18:2	0.170	Fumarate^b	−0.130
Arginine	0.171	C5-DC^a	−0.119
C16-OH^a	0.176	Citrate	−0.118
C14-OH/C12-DC^a	0.194	Malate^a	−0.115
C18:1	0.204	C5-OH/C3-DC^a	−0.109
C18:1-OH	0.205	Lactate^a	−0.108
C4-OH^a	0.210	C8:1	0.120
C18	0.211	Arginine	0.124
C4	0.216	C10:1^a	0.143
C16	0.218	C18^a	0.143
C14:1	0.228	Valine	0.144
C6	0.236	Proline^a	0.144
C14	0.244	C8	0.153
		C14:2^a	0.155
F test	0.001	C12^a	0.156
		C8-DC	0.160
		Leucine/isoleucine^a	0.165
		C4	0.171
		C6	0.177
		C16	0.180
		Phenylalanine^a	0.183
		C14	0.186
		C5^a	0.192
		C14:1	0.196
		C18:1	0.203
		C18:1-OH	0.203
		C18:2	0.210
		F test	0.0001

PCA was performed separately for each genotype. A single starvation-responsive component was identified by ANOVA (F test 0 < 0.05) for each compartment. Constituent metabolites and their individual loading factors are listed.

Metabolites that are uniquely present in PPARα^−/− compared to wild-type mice.

Metabolites in which the factor loading changed directions.