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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Jan 26.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Med. 2008 Mar 30;14(4):413–420. doi: 10.1038/nm1741

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Influence of CCL3L1-CCR5 genotypes on CD4+ T cell dynamics in the WHMC HIV+ cohort. (a–d) Trajectories of CD4+ counts in the WHMC cohort across calendar years of cohort membership computed before (a) and after accounting for CCL3L1 dose (b), CCR5 genotype (c) and CCL3L1-CCR5 GRGs (d). Dotted lines in a demarcate the indicated therapy eras, and mono and dual reflect therapy with one or two antiviral agents that were prevalent during the pre-HAART era. The time trends shown were estimated by nonlinear generalized estimating equations (GEE) modeling of CD4+ counts and depicted as mean (thick lines) and 95% confidence bands (shaded regions). The genetic components that comprise CCL31-CCR5 GRGs are shown above d. (e) Trajectories of CD4+ counts (by nonlinear GEE) from time of initiation of HAART according to (from left to right) CCL3L1 dose, CCR5 genotype and CCL3L1-CCR5 GRG status. (f) Trajectories of CD4+ counts during HAART according to CCL3L1 dose, CCR5 genotype and GRG status during the first 2 years after initiation of HAART and in the years thereafter (modeled by linear GEE in two segments demarcated by the dashed lines). P values indicate differences in rate of change in CD4+ counts for the indicated groups (derived by the Student's t-test) during the first 2 years after initiation of HAART and in the years thereafter. Rate of change in CD4+ cell counts per month (with s.e.m. in parentheses) during the first 2 years of HAART in those with a high or low CCL3L1 dose, nondetrimental or detrimental CCR5 genotype, and low, moderate or high GRG were 5.23 (0.72), 4.73 (1.12), 5.29 (0.57), 4.18 (2.11), 6.36 (0.57), 6.20 (0.98), and 3.12 (2.86), respectively. Rate of change in CD4+ cell counts/month (s.e.m.) after 2 years of HAART in those with a high or low CCL3L1 dose, nondetrimental or detrimental CCR5 genotype, and low, moderate or high GRG were 1.27 (0.23), −0.04 (0.39), 1.20 (0.21), −0.05 (0.61), 0.96 (0.17), −0.09 (0.17), and −3.54 (1.22), respectively. The color code for plots shown in e and f are shown above b–d.