Table 3.
Summary depicting major effects of insulin-deficient diabetes on mitochondrial properties listed by tissue of origin
| Gastrocnemius | Heart | Liver | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Superoxidea | Decreased from complex I | Decreased from complex I | Decreased from complex I and III, less total ROS compared with muscle or heart |
| Respiratory coupling | More coupled despite increased UCP3 | More coupled despite increased UCP3 | Unaffected |
| Superoxide protection | Increased tissue catalase and mitochondrial UCP3 | Increased tissue and mitochondrial catalase and mitochondrial UCP3 | Increased mitochondrial GPX, increased MnSODb |
UCP3 is considered effective superoxide protection only in vivo (see text).
a
Affected only in 2-month diabetic rats.
b
Only in 2-wk diabetic rats.