Table 2.
HIV transmission among 43 HIV-infected women who had two deliveries within the study.
| Mother previously nevirapine un-exposed (first delivery) | Mother previously nevirapine exposed (second delivery) | p-value | |
| Socio-demographic variables | |||
| Maternal age [mean ± SD] | 25.3 ± 4.7 | 27.3 ± 4.9 | < 0.0001 |
| Primipara [N (%)] | 5 (12) | 0 (0) | / |
| HIV-related factors at enrolment | |||
| HIV viral load [median copies per ml (IQR)] | 30,412 (6,864; 80,557) | 18,918 (7,162; 78,152) | 0.34 |
| CD4 cells per μl [median (IQR)] | 430 (303, 595) | 334 (188, 460) | < 0.0001 |
| Disease stage III [N (%)] | 14 (33) | 9 (21) | 0.30 |
| BMI at 1 month post partum [mean ± SD] | 21.4 ± 2.8 | 22.4 ± 3.1 | 0.007 |
| Hemoglobin [g/dl] [mean ± SD] | 10.7 ± 1.5 | 11.0 ± 1.4 | 0.24 |
| Positive rapid plasma regain test for syphilis [N (%)] | 9 (22) | 5 (12) | 0.22 |
| Obstetric and infant variables | |||
| Caesarean sections [N (%)] | 2 (5) | 0 (0) | / |
| Low birth weight [N (%) < 2500 g] | 5 (12) | 2 (5) | 0.45 |
| Birth weight [mean ± SD] | 3029 ± 536 | 3042 ± 469 | 0.82 |
| Preterm delivery [N (%) ≤ 34 weeks of gestation] | 5 (12) | 8 (19) | 0.75 |
| Sex [N (%) male] | 23 (53) | 16 (37) | 0.14 |
| Nevirapine prophylaxis at current delivery | |||
| Maternal dose taken [N (%)] | 43 (100) | 43 (100) | / |
| Infant dose taken [N (%)] | 40 (93) | 41 (98) | 1.0 |
| HIV transmission and infant mortality | |||
| Infants HIV positive ≤ day 42 [N (%)] | 3 (7) | 3 (7) | 1.0 |
| Infants HIV positive or died ≤ day 42 [N (%)] | 4 (9) | 3 (7) | 1.0 |
Numbers may differ from the total due to missing data