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. 2009 Jan;174(1):317–329. doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080485

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Helicobacter-infected DKO mice have decreased survival and increased inflammation and tumor burden compared with Rag2KO and Smad3KO mice. A: The Kaplan-Meier survival curve for Smad3/Rag2-DKO (n = 9) mice is significantly less than Rag2KO (n = 11, P = 0.037) and Smad3KO (n = 6, P = 0.03) mice. Mice were euthanized when they developed 20% body weight loss or clinical signs of significant IBD. B: Decreased survival of DKO mice was attributable to differences in inflammation and tumor burden. DKO mice had significantly more inflammation than Rag2KO mice (*P < 0.01) and Smad3KO mice (*P < 0.05). C: Tumor burden scores were considerably higher in DKO mice compared with Rag2KO mice and Smad3KO mice (**P < 0.001). Tumor burden scores represent numbers of only invasive tumors in cecum and colon. Rag2KO mice were Smad3+/−Rag2−/−. Helicobacter-infected Smad3+/− (n = 5) and WT (n = 10) mice did not develop inflammation or tumors.