. 2005 Oct 27;32(1):159–165. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbj016

Table 4.

PANSS Scores of Subjects According to Willingness to Participate in Research

	Willing to Participate (n = 27) M (SD)	Unwilling to Participate (n = 18) M (SD)	Test of Difference	Significance
Positive symptoms	15.33 (4.59)	16.44 (4.40)	t₍₄₃₎ = 0.81	0.42
Negative symptoms	16.85 (5.29)	21.17 (9.28)	t_(24.41) = 1.99	0.09
General symptoms	28.30 (5.55)	33.11 (7.87)	t₍₄₃₎ = 2.41	0.02
Composite	−1.51 (7.12)	−4.72 (9.29)	t₍₄₃₎ = −1.31	0.20
Anergia	8.33 (3.78)	10.72 (5.32)	t₍₄₃₎ = 1.76	0.09
Thought disorder	8.96 (3.39)	10.33 (3.56)	t₍₄₃₎ = 1.30	0.20
Activation	4.52 (1.74)	4.89 (1.45)	t₍₄₃₎ = 0.75	0.46
Paranoia	5.74 (2.41)	5.05 (1.70)	t₍₄₃₎ = −1.04	0.30
Depression	7.30 (3.11)	6.56 (2.33)	t₍₄₃₎ = −0.86	0.39
Total	60.48 (10.11)	70.72 (18.67)	t₍₄₃₎ = 2.37	0.02

M = mean; SD = standard deviation