Table 2.

Studies of the Frequency of CT in Groups With or Without Psychosis

	Measures					% With CT in		% With CSA in		% With CPA in
	1. Psychosis Diagnosis				P	C	P	C	P	C
Study	2. Trauma	Sample Source	Psychotic Sample (n)	Comparison Sample(s) (n)
Emslie and Rosenfeld39	1. Not reported	Consecutively admitted, female, child, and adolescent inpatients	Inpatient girls with severe psychosis (10)	Inpatient girls with severe nonpsychotic disorders (16)	—	—	10	50	—	—
	2. Patient file audit
Haley et al40	1. DISC	Consecutively admitted, adolescent inpatients	Adolescents with depression with psychotic features (15)	Adolescents with depression without psychotic features (18)	—	—	67	11*	—	—
	2. Not reported
Ross et al41	1. Patient file audit	Outpatients	Schizophrenia (20)	MPD (20)	—	—	10	80*	25	75*
				Panic disorder (20)				10		5
	2. DDIS			Eating disorder (20)				20		25
Fink and Golinkoff42	1. SCID	Outpatients referred from psychotherapists	Schizophrenia (11)	BPD (11)	—	—	9	64*	18	64*
	2. DDIS			MPD (16)				94*		75*
Nurcombe et al43	1. Patient file audit	Adolescent inpatients	Schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, or dissociative hallucinosis (22)	PTSD (13)	—	—	55	77	41	23
	2. Patient file audit
Wexler et al44	1. Patient file audit	Outpatients	Schizophrenia (217)	Depression (212)	19	36	—	—	—	—
	2. Patient file audit
Friedman et al45	1. SCID	Outpatients	Schizophrenia (22)	Anxiety (160)	—	—	32 (w: 78, m: 0)	19 NS	32	39 NS
	2. Authors' questionnaire			Depression (19)				43 NS		40 NS
Wurr and Partridge46	1. Patient file audit	Consecutively admitted inpatients and population sample	Schizophrenia and related psychoses (34)	Nonpsychotic inpatients (86)	—	—	38 (w: 44, m: 31)	49	—	—
	2. Authors' questionnaire or interview			Nonclinical controls (2019)				10
Honig et al47	1. CIDI	Outpatients and nonpatients (all with hallucinations)	Schizophrenia (18)	Dissociative disorder (15)	83	86	17	57*	61	67
	2. Authors' questionnaire			Hallucinatory nonpatients (15)		73		47		47
Convoy et al48	1. Not reported	Inpatients with psychosis or “alcoholism”	Psychosis (100)	“Neuroses” (100)	—	—	16	20 NS	—	—
	2. Authors' questionnaire	Outpatients with “neuroses”		“Alcoholism” (100)				15 NS
		Nonpsychiatric controls		Nonpsychiatric controls (100)				11 NS
Friedman and Harrison49	1. Authors' interview	Inpatient women and women nonpsychiatric controls	Schizophrenia (20)	Nonpsychiatric controls (15)	—	—	60	13*	—	—
	2. Authors' interview
Nettelbladt et al50	1. Authors' interview	Married people with diabetes, schizoaffective disorder, their partners, and married healthy controls	Schizoaffective disorder (17)	Combined nonpsychotic groups (54)	—	—	47	6*	—	—
	2. Authors' interview

Note: Abbreviations are explained in the first footnote to table 1. P, psychosis; C, comparison; DISC, Diagnostic Interview for Children; MPD, multiple personality disorder; BPD, borderline personality disorder; PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder.

^*P < .05; NS, not statistically significant at .05.