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. 2008 Jun 25;34(5):819–834. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbn071

Table 3.

Summary of Psychophysiology Studies Included in the Review

Citation n's sz/hc/op % Male sz/hc/op Study Type Stimuli/Situation Psychophysiological Measures Results Sex Differences
*Curtis91 36 sz/48 rel/56 hc 75/40/41 Elicit Pictures Startle sz = hc, relative None
*Hempel103 26 sz/21 hc 100/100 Elicit Pictures SC, HR sz = hc SC; sz different HR pattern n/a
*Hempel104 28 sz/30 hc 93/70 Elicit Pictures SC, HR sz = hc SC; sz different HR pattern Unk
*Kring47 23 sz/20 hc 100/100 Elicit Films SC sz > hc n/a
*Schlenker88 34 sz/24 hc 100/100 Elicit Pictures Startle, SC, HR, fpv sz = hc startle, HR, fpv; sz < hc SC n/a
Taylor106 14 sz/13 hc 71/62 Elicit Pictures SC sz < hc Unk
*Volz90 49 sz/46 hc 47/37 Elicit Pictures Startle, SC, HR sz = hc startle, HR, SC None
Williams129 27 sz/22 hc 63/64 Elicit Fear Faces SC sz > hc Unk
Williams130 27 sz/13 hc 63/unk Elicit Faces (fear, disgust, anger) SC sz > hc Unk

Note: Only first author of multiauthor study is listed under citation. An asterisk next to an author name indicates the study was also referenced in table 2; sz = schizophrenia or schizoaffective; hc = healthy control; op = other patient group; SC = Skin conductance; HR = heart rate; fpv = finger pulse volume; unk = unknown; n/a = not applicable.