Table 3.
Summary of Psychophysiology Studies Included in the Review
Citation | n's sz/hc/op | % Male sz/hc/op | Study Type | Stimuli/Situation | Psychophysiological Measures | Results | Sex Differences |
*Curtis91 | 36 sz/48 rel/56 hc | 75/40/41 | Elicit | Pictures | Startle | sz = hc, relative | None |
*Hempel103 | 26 sz/21 hc | 100/100 | Elicit | Pictures | SC, HR | sz = hc SC; sz different HR pattern | n/a |
*Hempel104 | 28 sz/30 hc | 93/70 | Elicit | Pictures | SC, HR | sz = hc SC; sz different HR pattern | Unk |
*Kring47 | 23 sz/20 hc | 100/100 | Elicit | Films | SC | sz > hc | n/a |
*Schlenker88 | 34 sz/24 hc | 100/100 | Elicit | Pictures | Startle, SC, HR, fpv | sz = hc startle, HR, fpv; sz < hc SC | n/a |
Taylor106 | 14 sz/13 hc | 71/62 | Elicit | Pictures | SC | sz < hc | Unk |
*Volz90 | 49 sz/46 hc | 47/37 | Elicit | Pictures | Startle, SC, HR | sz = hc startle, HR, SC | None |
Williams129 | 27 sz/22 hc | 63/64 | Elicit | Fear Faces | SC | sz > hc | Unk |
Williams130 | 27 sz/13 hc | 63/unk | Elicit | Faces (fear, disgust, anger) | SC | sz > hc | Unk |
Note: Only first author of multiauthor study is listed under citation. An asterisk next to an author name indicates the study was also referenced in table 2; sz = schizophrenia or schizoaffective; hc = healthy control; op = other patient group; SC = Skin conductance; HR = heart rate; fpv = finger pulse volume; unk = unknown; n/a = not applicable.