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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Heart Rhythm. 2008 Aug 6;5(9):1304–1309. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2008.05.020

Table II.

Incidence of acetylcholine (ACh) -mediated AF and the ability of 4-AP to prevent the initiation of AF or terminate persistent AF in atrial preparations.

Ach (0.5 µM) ACh + 4-AP (10–25 µM) ACh + 4-AP (50 µM) ACh + 4-AP (100–200 µM)
Incidence of AF initiation 100% (10/10) 100% (4/4) 75% (3/4) 50% (3/6)
Termination of persistent AF 0% (0/10) 0% (0/4) 0% (0/5) 33% (2/6)

Experiments to prevent AF and terminate AF were performed in different preparations. Incidence of AF initiation: 4-AP was added to ACh-containing Tyrode’s solution and AF induction was attempted using PES. Termination of persistent AF: Persistent AF was induced in the exposure to Ach and 4-AP was added 5–7 min after the initiation of AF.