Table 2.
Overall Certainty as a Function of Group and Interview Type
| Overall certainty |
||
|---|---|---|
| Group | M | SD |
| Experiment 1 (Direct interview) | ||
| Customs officers | 1.91 | 0.35 |
| Police officers | 1.66 | 0.38 |
| University students | 1.56 | 0.35 |
| Experiment 2 (Moral discussion) | ||
| Customs officers | 2.05 | 0.54 |
| Police officers | 1.65 | 0.36 |
| University students | 1.59 | 0.36 |
| Experiment 3 (Promise) | ||
| Customs officers | 2.21 | 0.50 |
| Police officers | 1.85 | 0.46 |
| University students | 1.79 | 0.41 |
| Experiment 4 | ||
| Interview | ||
| Direct | 1.38 | 0.29 |
| Moral Discussion | 1.49 | 0.34 |
| Promise | 1.43 | 0.32 |
Note. The rating scale reflected four levels of certainty (“extremely certain” = 3; “very certain” = 2; “certain” = 1; “uncertain” = 0).