Table 2.
LPS-stimulated cytokine hyperproduction in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) and non-APECED patients.
| pg/ml | APECED | Non-APECED | CTRLS† | APECED | Non-APECED | CTRLS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unstimulated | LPS | |||||
| IL-12p70 | 7† (6–8) | 7 (4–8) | 4 (4–5) | 291 (73–1583) | 1112** (570–2623) | 292 (13–861) |
| IFN-γ | 93 (84–114) | 97 (98–115) | 87 (82–101) | 130* (101–146) | 141* (115–165) | 102 (83–118) |
| IL-2 | 27 (25–31) | 26 (25–29) | 25 (23–28) | 32* (29–43) | 37** (33–44) | 29 (23–33) |
| TNF-α | 47* (14–89) | 56** (32–84) | 1 (1–22) | 6555* (5233–9692) | 5456* (4019–9596) | 3568 (928–6618) |
| IL-10 | 38 (35–41) | 39 (35–42) | 37 (32–44) | 73 (49–98) | 78 (61–148) | 65 (50–100) |
| IL-5 | 11 (9–12) | 11 (10–12) | 9 (8–13) | 15 (12–20) | 17** (13–21) | 12 (11–15) |
| IL-13 | 3 (3–4) | 3 (3–4) | 2 (2–3) | 5 (4–7) | 6 (3–7) | 3 (2–4) |
*
P < 0·05,
**
P < 0·01 compared with controls.
†
CTRLS: healthy controls.
†
: medians (interquartile ranges). Immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or left unstimulated. After 24 h, cytokine levels in culture supernatants were analysed by meso scale discovery (MSD) multiplex assay. Detection limits for each cytokine are given in Materials and methods section.
IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; TNF, tumour necrosis factor.