Longitudinal effects of LPS at 14 to 15 weeks on the progression of prion disease. (A) Performance on the horizontal bar for 6 successive weeks post-IP challenge with LPS (500 μg/kg) or saline at 15 weeks postinoculation with ME7 or NBH. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 25 for NBH + LPS, n = 34 for ME7 + Saline, and n = 35 for ME7 + LPS). ME7 + LPS and ME7 + saline data were compared by repeated measures ANOVA across the 6 weeks shown and showed both main effects of treatment and time and an interaction of treatment and time (* denotes p = .0166 for the main effect of treatment). (B) Performance of the same animals on the inverted screen for 5 successive weeks post-IP challenge with LPS (500 μg/kg) or saline. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 25 for NBH + LPS, n = 34 for ME7 + Saline, and n = 35 for ME7 + LPS). ME7 + Saline and ME7 + LPS data were compared by repeated measures ANOVA across the 5 weeks shown and showed both main effects of treatment and time and an interaction of treatment and time (** denotes p = .0147 for the main effect of treatment). (C) Open field activity for 7 successive weeks post-IP challenge with LPS 500 μg/kg. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 19, n = 20). Repeated measures ANOVA of ME7 groups showed main effects of time and treatment (* denotes p = .0044 for the main effect of treatment). ANOVA, analysis of variance; IP, intraperitoneal; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; NBH, normal brain homogenate.