Table 3.
MICs (mg/l) of, and susceptibility to, cefepime, ceftazidime and imipenem among clinical populations of Gram-negative non-Enterobacteriaceae
| Organism | Region | Site of infection | Year(s) of collection | MIC (mg/l)* |
Ref. | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Cefepime |
Ceftazidime (Ceftriaxone)‡ |
Imipenem |
|||||||||||
| MIC50 | MIC90 | S (%) | MIC50 | MIC90 | S (%) | MIC50 | MIC90 | S (%) | |||||
| Acinetobacter spp. | North America | Mixture | 2007 | 4 | 16 | 85.7 | 2 | >16 | 83.3 | 2 | 16 | 77.5 | [138] |
| Latin America | Mixture | 1997-2001 | >16 | >16 | 35.2 | >16 | >16 | 28.5 | 1 | >8 | 86.9 | [145] | |
| BSI | 1997-2000 | 16 | >16 | 45.4 | >16 | >16 | 39.0 | 0.5 | 8 | 89.1 | [140] | ||
| RT | 1997-2000 | >16 | >16 | 26.4 | >16 | >16 | 16.7 | 1 | >8 | 84.9 | [144] | ||
| America and Europe | Mixture | 2005-2006 | 16 | >16 | 44.1 | >16 | >16 | 34.8 | 1 | >8 | 72.4 | [30] | |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | North America | Mixture | 2007 | 4 | 16 | 85.7 | 2 | >16 | 83.3 | 2 | 16 | 77.5 | [138] |
| BSI, RT | 1998-2004 | 2 | 8 | 90.8 | 2 | 16 | 87.3 | 1 | 2 | 94.4 | [40] | ||
| RT | 2000 | 4 | 16 | 80.5 | 4 | >16 | 78.3 | 1 | 8 | 85.6 | [143] | ||
| UTI | 1998 | 4 | 8 | 91.2 | 4 | >16 | 85.8 | 0.25 | 0.5 | 100 | [139] | ||
| Mixture§ | 2001 | 4 | 16 | 80.1 | ≤2 | >16 | 77.0 | 1 | >8 | 78.3 | [146] | ||
| RT¶ | 1996-2001 | 2 | 16 | 84.1 | 2 | 32 | 84.1 | 1 | 16 | 86.6 | [147] | ||
| RT# | NR | 64 | 256 | 15.0 | 64 | >512 | 27.0 | 32 | 128 | 30.0 | [148] | ||
| RT** | NR | 64 | 256 | 10.0 | 128 | >512 | 16.0 | 32 | 64 | 21.0 | [148] | ||
| Latin America | BSI | 1997-2000 | 4 | >16 | 72.1 | 4 | >16 | 69.4 | 1 | >8 | 84.5 | [140] | |
| RT | 1997-2000 | 8 | >16 | 61.2 | 4 | >16 | 61.2 | 2 | >8 | 69.2 | [144] | ||
| Mixture§ | 2002 | 4 | >256 | 55.4 | >192 | >256 | 31.4 | 2 | >32 | 57.3 | [149] | ||
| America and Europe | Mixture | 2005-2006 | 4 | >16 | 79.4 | 2 | >16 | 75.5 | 1 | >8 | 75.8 | [31] | |
| Asia-Pacific | UTI | 1998-1999 | 4 | 16 | 76.4 | 4 | >16 | 77.4 | 2 | 8 | 88.7 | [142] | |
| Burkholderia cepacia | America and Europe | Mixture | 2003 | 8 | 16 | 85.0 | 4 | 4 | 90.0 | 4 | 8 | 65.0 | [150] |
| RT¶ | 1996-2001 | 16 | 128 | 47.0 | 4 | 16 | 82.4 | 4 | 16 | 50.0 | [147] | ||
| RT | NR | 256 | >256 | 10.0 | 16 | >512 | 43.0 | 32 | 128 | 9.0 | [148] | ||
| Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | World | Mixture | 1997-2003 | 16 | >16 | 27.6 | 8 | >16 | 52.9 | >8 | >8 | 100 | [151] |
| America and Europe | Mixture | 2004 | >16 | >16 | 9.4 | 16 | >16 | 45.3 | >8 | >8 | 1.9 | [152] | |
| Haemophilus influenzae | North America | BSI, RT | 1998-2004 | ≤0.06 | 0.12 | 100 | ≤0.25 | 1 | 93.7 | NR | NR | NR | [40] |
| Latin America | RT | 1998-2004 | ≤0.06 | 0.12 | 100 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.06 | 100 | NR | NR | NR | [153] | |
| America and Europe | Mixture | 2005-2006 | ≤0.12 | ≤0.12 | 100 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.25 | 100 | 0.5 | 1 | 100 | [31] | |
| Moraxella catarrhalis | North America | BSI, RT | 1998-2004 | 0.5 | 2 | NR | ≤0.25 | 0.5 | NR | NR | NR | NR | [40] |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | Asia | STDs | 2003 | 0.12 | 0.5 | NR | 0.03 | 0.06 | 100 | NR | NR | NR | [154] |
| Neisseria meningitidis | Europe and Australia | Mixture | 1999-2000 | 0.03 | 0.06 | NR | 0.06 | 0.06 | NR | <0.06 | 0.12 | NR | [36] |
*
Results were interpreted according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute criteria.
‡
For H. influenzae ceftriaxone MICs were shown.
§
Intensive care unit patients.
¶
Cystic fibrosis patients.
#
Mucoid isolates.
**
Nonmucoid isolates.
BSI: Bloodstream infection; NR: Not reported; RT: Respiratory tract infection; S: Susceptibility; STD: Sexually transmitted disease; UTI: Urinary tract infection.