Table 1.
Association of the Wnt pathway components with kidney diseases
| RCC | sFRP1,13,45 Fzd5 and Fzd8,12 HIG2 and Fzd10,11 β-catenin and HIG2 promoter,11 p53 and Apc,16 TCF17 |
| Wilms' tumor | β-catenin,19,20,22 WTX,23,24 Wnt-4 and WT-125–28 |
| Cell invasiveness | Wnt-2 and/or GSK-3β30 |
| Disease cysts | TCF2,31 Apc,32 dominant positive β-catenin,33 Wnt and BMP pathways34 |
| Renal fibrosis | β-catenin,37 Wnt inhibitors,38 Wnt-4,39,40 Wnt-4 and matrilysin41 |
| Recovery from ischaemia | Wnt-4,42 β-catenin and TCF43 |
| Survival of high glucose-stressed mesangial cells | GSK-3β, Wnt4 and Wnt5a44 |