. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Sep 1.

Published in final edited form as: Gastroenterology. 2008 Jun 12;135(3):770–780. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.06.033

Table 2.

Relative risk of colon cancer according to p53 status and baseline folate intake, among 88,691 women from the Nurses' Health Study with 399 colon cancer cases^¶.

		Energy-adjusted Folate Intake, μg/day				P _trend^‡
		<200	200-299	300-399	≥400
All cancer
	No. cases / Person-years	105 / 439,200	126 / 606,366	58 / 273,310	110 / 543,040
	Age-adjusted RR (95% CI)	1.0	0.78 (0.60-1.01)	0.75 (0.55-1.04)	0.74 (0.57-0.97)	0.04
	Multivariate RR (95% CI)^*	1.0	0.81 (0.62-1.05)	0.80 (0.58-1.10)	0.80 (0.61-1.06)	0.14
p53-positive cancer^†
	No. cases / Person-years	51 / 439248	41 / 606442	15 / 273345	36 / 543103
	Age-adjusted RR (95% CI)	1.0	0.52 (0.35-0.79)	0.40 (0.23-0.71)	0.50 (0.33-0.77)	0.003
	Multivariate RR (95% CI)^*	1.0	0.54 (0.36-0.81)	0.42 (0.24-0.76)	0.54 (0.35-0.83)^**	0.008
p53-negative cancer^†
	No. cases / Person-years	54 / 439237	85 / 606398	43 / 273323	74 / 543072
	Age-adjusted RR (95% CI)	1.0	0.98 (0.69-1.37)	1.09 (0.73-1.62)	0.97 (0.68-1.38)	0.70
	Multivariate RR (95% CI)^*	1.0	0.95 (0.67-1.33)	1.15 (0.77-1.72)	1.05 (0.73-1.51)^**	0.94

^‡

P for trend from Wald statistic, modeling log-transformed folate continuously

^**

P for heterogeneity of the association for folate intake and p53-positive colon cancer and folate intake and p53-negative colon cancers = 0.012 (χ² = 10.88, 3 d.f.)

The following legend applies to Tables 2, 3, and 4:

^¶

Presented as relative risks (RRs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI).

Multivariate RRs are adjusted for age, smoking before age 30 (0, 1-4, 5-10, 11-15, or >15 pack-years), body mass index (in quintiles), regular vigorous exercise (in quintiles of metabolic equivalent task score per week), colorectal cancer in a parent or sibling (yes or no), history of previous endoscopy (yes or no), history of previous polyp (yes or no), current multivitamin use (yes or no), beef, pork, or lamb as a main dish (0-3 per month, 1 per week, 2-4 per week, or ≥5 per week), alcohol consumption (0, 0.1-4.9, 5.0-14.9, ≥15 g per day), and post-menopausal hormone use (premenopausal, never, past, current).

^†

p53 status was determined by immunohistochemistry.