TABLE 2.
Malnutrition-attributable fractions estimated by midupper arm circumference (MUAC), weight-for-age z score (WAZ), and weight-for-height z score (WHZ)1
| Endpoint | Observations2 | MUAC | WAZ | WHZ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | |
| Admissions | ||||
| Age < 24 mo | 7985 | 29 (15, 41) | 13 (8, 39) | 39.9 (29, 48) |
| Age > 24 mo | 5322 | 23.4 (18, 36) | 13.5 (9, 29) | 43.3 (31, 55) |
| All | 13 307 | 26.5 (17, 38) | 11.3 (8, 26) | 40.8 (33, 48) |
| Death | ||||
| Age < 24 mo | 472 | 57.4 (45, 70) | 39.5 (24, 55) | 49.2 (35, 66) |
| Age > 24 mo | 202 | 42.3 (28, 57) | 17.5 (10, 31) | 25.3 (9, 65) |
| All | 674 | 51.4 (42, 61) | 27.5 (18, 40) | 50.4 (36, 67) |
| Severe disease | ||||
| Bacteremia | 312 | 51.8 (37, 71) | 25.3 (17, 36) | 59.1 (45, 73) |
| Gastroenteritis | 556 | 61.2 (43, 77) | 39.8 (29, 74) | 68.9 (60, 78) |
| LRTI3 | 1012 | 40.1 (17, 70) | 47.6 (12, 70) | 59.4 (44, 74) |
| Meningitis | 86 | 35.4 (20, 88) | 29.7 (15, 52) | 44.7 (12, 76) |
| Malaria | 2420 | 54.7 (42, 63) | 43.1 (19, 57) | 58.8 (53, 65) |
| HIV+ | 211 | 63 (34, 81) | 26 (17, 73) | 59.1 (46, 72) |
| HIV+ and gastroenteritis | 214 | 66.7 (38, 81) | 61.1 (22, 84) | 74.3 (60, 86) |
| HIV+ and LRTI | 451 | 46.3 (11, 78) | 21.1 (5, 62) | 62.5 (38, 84) |
| HIV+ and malaria | 1132 | 54.3 (39, 64) | 41.1 (19, 57) | 63.7 (56, 71) |
1
For each endpoint, the attributable fractions among different subgroups are shown, as calculated using 3 different markers of nutritional status (MUAC, WAZ, and WHZ). LRTI, lower respiratory tract infection.
2
The numbers of observations indicate the number of cases used in the model to calculate the attributable fraction (ie, not including the controls).
3
Defined by the clinician's diagnosis.