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Cartoon depicting the molecular clock. CLOCK and BMAL1 (or NPAS2 and BMAL1) regulate the expression of the Period and Cryptochrome genes. These are translated in the cytoplasm and are phosphorylated. They enter the nucleus and inhibit the activity of CLOCK:BMAL1. A separate loop depicted at the bottom of the nucleus shows the regulation of Bmal1 by Rorα and Rev-erbα.
