Table 1.
Details of the frequency of occurrence (Frequency), age of acquisition (AoA) and imageability for the nouns used in the 37 filler pictures (data from Baayen et al.,1995; Brown, 1984; Kucera & Francis, 1967; MRC psycholinguistic database 1997: No one database contains entries for all 37 words used)
| Nouns | Frequency |
AoA |
Imagability |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bird | BVF | KFWF | Bird | MRC | Bird | MRC | |
| Badger | 0.8645 | – | – | 359 | – | 607 | – |
| Bear | 1.2095 | 9 | 57 | 220 | – | 601 | 572 |
| Bee | 1.2214 | 1 | 11 | 193 | – | – | 623 |
| Butterfly | – | – | 2 | – | – | – | 624 |
| Camel | 1.3994 | – | 1 | 303 | – | – | 561 |
| Cheetah | −0.1739 | – | 1 | 456 | – | 562 | – |
| Cow | 1.6051 | 1 | 29 | 174 | – | – | 632 |
| Crab | – | – | – | – | 292 | – | 589 |
| Crocodile | 0.7471 | – | 1 | 316 | – | – | 601 |
| Deer | – | – | 13 | – | 281 | – | 624 |
| Dinosaur | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | – |
| Dog | – | 8 | 75 | – | 169 | – | 636 |
| Dolphin | 0.48 | 1 | 1 | 442 | – | 626 | – |
| Duck | – | 1 | 9 | – | 164 | – | 632 |
| Elephant | – | – | 7 | – | 222 | – | 616 |
| Fish | 1.493 | – | 35 | 275 | – | 578 | 615 |
| Frog | – | – | 1 | – | 258 | – | 617 |
| Giraffe | 0.1943 | – | – | 342 | – | 628 | – |
| Hedgehog | 0.316 | – | – | 366 | – | 639 | – |
| Horse | 2.1223 | 1 | 117 | 208 | – | – | 624 |
| Kangaroo | 0.4281 | 4 | – | 368 | – | 627 | – |
| Lion | – | – | 17 | – | 244 | – | 626 |
| Monkey | 1.2577 | – | 9 | 269 | – | – | 588 |
| Mouse | – | 2 | 10 | – | 242 | – | 615 |
| Owl | – | – | 2 | – | 269 | – | 595 |
| Penguin | 0.7014 | – | – | 392 | – | 620 | – |
| Pig | – | 1 | 8 | – | 233 | – | 635 |
| Rabbit | – | – | 11 | – | 206 | – | 611 |
| Rhino | 0.2243 (!!!) | – | – | 424 (!!!) | – | 591 | – |
| Sheep | 1.6033 | 1 | 23 | 208 | – | – | 596 |
| Snail | – | 1 | 1 | – | – | – | 577 |
| Snake | – | – | 44 | – | 289 | – | 627 |
| Spider | 0.8475 | – | 2 | 254 | – | – | 597 |
| Squirrel | 0.7885 | – | 1 | 353 | – | – | 642 |
| Tiger | 1.0776 | – | 7 | 331 | – | – | 606 |
| Turtle | – | – | 8 | – | – | – | 564 |
| Zebra | 0.2786 | – | 1 | 370 | – | 648 | – |
Frequencies are presented for the Bird, Franklin, and Howard (2001) analysis of Baayen et al.'s (1995) CELEX database (labeled Bird), Brown's (1984) verbal frequencies (labeled BVF), and Kucera and Francis’ (1967) written frequencies (labeled KFWF). Bird's frequencies are the logarithm of the combined written and spoken count divided by total words in the Celex database. BVF is the number of occurrences of a word per 1,000,000 spoken words and KFWF is the number of occurrences of a word per 1,000,000 written words. Age of acquisition and imageability were obtained from Bird et al. (2001) and the MRC psycholinguistic database (1997). MRC age of acquisition is from the norms of Gilhooly and Logie, multiplied by 100 to produce a range from 100 to 700 (min 125; max 697; mean 405; S.D. 120). Bird et al's (2001) AoA are ages multiplied by 100. Bird et al.'s imageability ratings are derived from a merging of the Pavio, Colorado, and Gilhooly-Logie norms: Details of merging are given in Appendix 2 of the MRC Psycholinguistic Database User Manual (Coltheart, 1981), and have values in the range 100 to 700 (min 129; max 669; mean 450; S.D. 108).