Fig. 3.

PDCD4 inhibited PGE₂- and IL-8-induced breast cancer cells invasion. (a) A matrigel invasion assay was performed using MCF-7, MCF-7/Vector and MCF-7/PDCD4 cells. All cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of PGE₂ or IL-8, and incubated for 72 h. Cells that had invaded through the Matrigel onto the lower side of the filters were fixed, stained, and photographed at 150× magnification. (b) The number of invaded cells for each filter was counted in five fields. The invasiveness of the cells is expressed as the number of cells that invaded to the lower side of the filter. Columns indicate the mean of triplicate measurements ± standard deviation. An asterisk (*) indicates a significant increase in the number of invaded cells relative to the untreated cells, P < 0.05, determined by Student t-test